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Home My WebLink AboutBLD2021-00172 Cancelled MFG HM - BLD Permit / Conditions - 4/20/2021 MASON COUNTY COMMUNITY SERVICES Permit No: F50 2-02-1- UD 11�Z- PERMIT ASSISTANCE CENTER: RECEIVED � [_ C I\�//(_r D .BUILDING•PLANNING•PUBLIC HEALTH•FIRE MARSHAL R[= C GO 615 W.Alder Street,Shelton,WA 98584 Phone Shelton:(360)427-9670 ext.352•Fax:(360)427-7798 Phone Belfair.(360)275-0467•Phone Elma:(360)482-5269 1-E B Q J BUILDING PERMIT APPLICATION 615 IN. Ider Street PROPERTY OWNER INFORMATION: CONTRACTOR INFORMATION: NAME: I�NEa yAit\R-Sti NAME: N`\l6 I C-CN CahSrr rc11C71�? 10 arm MAILING ADDRESS: 11C t' S'j P 3a� MAILING ADDRESS: 2�1 1�.. }�/A►ti11 L I CITY: ?E LFn 11�-_ STATE: ):) ZIP:ti '� -�2�... CITY: CfiCHALI S STATE: W ZIP: °�y PHONE#I: ril`si•323-ci14T PHONE: `ibt,•_1q 'CELL: PHONE#2: EMAIL: MFJGf EMAIL: L&I REG#N`W O h-E LCi 12G2C, EXP. t 1/2-5/22. PRIMARY CONTACT: OWNER❑ CONTRACTOR[a' OTHER❑ NAME Mgt ( (A MFISTC+Z EMAIL my-, N 1 MAILINGADDRESS '>t^1 t� fIAFy�1l5�C=l: h� CITY 0ACHWS STATE \Np\ ZIPelf�iz era PHONE SFr"�4C t�`iC� CELL ""'yyam PARCEL INFORMATION: tr�1� PARCEL NUMBER(12 Digit Number) -��C` C? ZONING LEGAL DESCRIPTION(Abbreviated)SISSCIS Y3CACVi 13L�-_l Lc;T-, rtPL-3 FIRE DISTRICT SITE ADDRESS yj J,c f- 4 � '� CITY �- A I I:, DIRECTIONS TO SITE ADDRESS IS THE PROJECT WITHIN 300 FT OF SLOPE(S)GREATER THAN 14%: YES[] NO❑,SNOW LOAD:K psf IS PROPERTY WITHIN 200 FT OF THE FOLLOWING: (Check all that apply): SALTWATER 0' LAKE❑ RIVER/CREEK❑ POND❑ WETLAND❑ SEASONAL RUNOFF❑ STREAM❑ TYPE OF WORK: NEW❑ ADDITION❑ ALTERATION❑ REPAIR❑ OTHER USE OF STRUCTURE(Residence,Garage,Commercial Bldg,Etc.) 1 D G y(1-r— 0 IS USE: PRIMARY r SEASONAL❑ NUMBER OF BEDROOMS NUMBER OF BATHROOMS HEATED STRUCTURE? YES(Whole Bldg)Lf YES(Part[sI of Bldg)❑ NO❑ DESCRIBE WORK VLACH VI<��E � CPlAC�1�Gt�� f` 3Gx`gib AVV\W AC Q P-l� fAt 1111E SQUARE FOOTAGE:(proposed) 1 ST FLOOR l fo j�t✓_sq.ft. 2ND FLOOR sq.ft. 3RD FLOOR sq.ft. BASEMENT sq.ft. DECK 32 sq.ft. COVERED DECK sq.ft. STORAGE sq.ft. OTHER sq.ft. GARAGE sq.ft. Attached❑ Detached❑ CARPORT sq.ft. Attached❑ Detached❑ MANUFACTURED HOME INFORMATION: *4 COPIES OF THE FLOOR PLAN REQUIRED* MAKE V1\1,111 HA-9-V cil MODEL AD�C 4 1 YEAR Z�Z1 LENGTH S b WIDTH '�C� BEDROOMS Z BATHS 2- SERIALNUMBER Tc BC AS�ICt►�z�� ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH: SEWAGE/SEWER SOURCE: SEPTIC❑� SEWER❑ / NEW❑ EXISTING 4S-' PLUMBING IN STRUCTURE? YES u NO❑ If yes,attach completed Water Adequacy Form PERIMETERNOUNDATION DRAINS PROPOSED? YES❑ NOEJ' EXISTING SQ.FT. EXISTING BEDROOMS PROPOSED BEDROOMS t— TOTAL BEDROOMS ?� OWNER acknowledges that submission of inaccurate information may result in a stop work order or permit revocation.Acknowledgement of such is by signature below.I declare that I am the owner and I further declare that I am entitled to receive this permit and to do the work as proposed.I have obtained permission from all the necessary parties,including any easement holder or parties of interest regarding this project. The owner or legal representative,represents that the information provided is accurate and grants employees of Mason County access to the above described property and structures)for review and inspection. This permit/application becomes null$void if work or authorized construction is not commenced within 180 days or if construction work is suspended for a period of 180 days. PROOF OF CONTINUATION OF WORK ON THIS PERMIT IS BY MEANS OF INSPECTION. INACTIVITY OF THIS PERMIT APPLICATION OF 180 DAYS- MORE WILL CAUSE THE APPLICATION TO BE EXPIRED.(MASON ,/� COUNTY CODE 14.08.42) 1 i'A q ignature of OWNER(M(tst be signed by the OWNER) Date DEPATMENTAL REVIEW APPROVED DATE DENIED DATE TAGS/NOTES/CONDITIONS BUILDING DEPARTMENT PLANNING DEPARTMENT FIRE MARSHAL PUBLIC HEALTH Pcb�t�ESS 5$0 STAT-E P-oVTF- 301 ,B ELZW PL RECEIVED N ` 5 _ �o r-T F F B 0 3 2 ENVIRONMENTAL 615 W. Alder Street I HEALTH m V�-op4sEa 3o x 5b k/- 90 �D tl EXLSTI2,0 h.t�-� J � uj Zoe( - oo �� z o- 0 C�r�rnp-�" Im�+ any� Q a . n60h.6A 7 z i C� vu t3.29 - --- � - p 064 pHN � k oc- � Mk 0 Ala j�ppROV ED hll .�r;!� CrsUl�n �� PLANNING SITE PLAN REQUIRE)TO E CHA�ES SUSjET 1 Q APPROVAL Z BY ; i 1222S- sb-v i ak=�3 Mason County Community Services-Building Division RECEIVED MANUFACTURED HOME PLAN REVIEW SPECIFICATIONS r EB 0 3 2021 UNIT INFORMATION: Snow Load L Make Z"1"• Alder Street Vol��qY'b�`� Model K7 3�4 L2--1� Year Square feet Ib`c Width 3v Length c �! Single/D�bI triple-wide (indicate) NEW or Replacement(indicate) mom All footings must be min. 12" below grade within 24"of the skirting when perimeter blocking is required. When manufacture specification is not available use ANSI A225.1 or HUD 24 CFR 3285. Must provide pier plan with reference sections. Allowable Pressure(Pound Per Square Foot) No Allowances made for overburden pressure,embedment depth,water table height,or settlement problems Soil bearing is assumed at 1500 psi If set-up is using a greater soil bearing capacity a soil report from a design professional is required Fill(compact or uncompacted) Compaction Report required through Special analysis Peat or organic clays Compaction Report required through Special analysis SET UP SPECIFICATIONS: 1 Manufacturer's Pier Plan 11 ANSI A225.1/HUD24 CFR part 3285 FOUNDATION: Check the type of foundation and attach detail plans from manufacturer's or the ANSI A225.1/HUD24 CFR part 3285 1 Pads 71 Continuous concrete footing(runners) 1 Slab ANCHORING: 1 Ground 1 Magnum O Concrete-2500 PSI F1 J-bolt 1 Expansion bolt For new units,this information can be obtained from the home retailer or contractor. Previously owned units,which manufacture's instruction are not available must utilize the ANSI A 225.1/HUD24 CFR part 3285 code for installation.Washington State law requires that a certified installer install manufactured homes. The undersigned I hereby acknowledge he/she does understand that the Mason County submittal and review processes will be based on the information provided herein and will be verified at time of inspection. X Ap �Iicat/Dealer/Installer(indicate) Date Z-L- 21 Name ��^ Parcel# 1�2�- 50 b 10d3 BLD# JrO26ZI O6 l JA c� Mason County FEB 0 3 Mi `Department of Community Development Small PQNe Stormwater Management Application/WokA04"r iWI-, Based U the information you have provided a Stormwater Site Plan IS Required for this development activity. Title 14,Chapter 14.48 of the Mason County Code(MCC)regulates compliance requirements for Stormwater Management in this jurisdiction.A complete copy of the ordinance can be found on the Mason County website: http//www.co.mason.wa—us/code/commissioners/index.htm Please follow the links to"Title 14,Chapter 14.48 Stormwater Management". Regulated activities shall be conducted only after Mason County Public Works approves a stormwater site plan (Mason County Code Title 14 Chapter 14.48 section 14.48.70).You will receive a copy of the Public Works document entitled"Managing Storm Drainage on Small Lots,The Small Parcel Stormwater Site Plan".This document will assist you in preparing the necessary information and plans for Public Works to review and approve. Per Department of Public Works this document will constitute an approved plan if all of the relevant details* are to be installed in their entirety AND no part of the stormwater system adversely affects any septic system(see Environmental Health information below). If an alternative system is to be used a plan will need to be submitted to Public Works for approval. A design by a registered professional may be required for more complex sites. *These details are found in the document Managing Storm Drainage on Small Lots, The Small Parcel Stormwater Site Plan on the pages that begin with"Handout" PLEASE INITIAL BELOW TO INDICATE THE STORMWATER MANAGEMENT PLAN FOR THIS SITE A)�I he relevant details from Managing Storm Drainage on Small Lots, The Small Parcel Stormwater Site Plan will be installed in their entirety AND the system will be located as not to adversely affect any septic systems on this,or any other,parcel. B) An alternative plan and/or professional design will be submitted to the Department of Public Works for approval AND the system will be located as not to adversely affect any septic systems on this,or any other,parcel. If you have further questions pertaining to parcel drainage and stormwater management Mason County's Public Works Department can provide additional instructions,guidance and examples.(Section 14.48.130)contact Public works at: Phone: (360)-427-9670 EXT.450 Mail:P 0 Box 1850, Shelton WA 98584 Physical:415 N 6th St, Shelton WA 98584 If this development has,or will have,a septic/drainfield system you may need to contact Mason County Division of Environmental Health to ensure that the stormwater system will not adversely affect the septic system of this,or any other,parcel.You may also wish to consult with the septic design professional involved with the project.Mason County Division of Environmental Health can be reached at: Phone: (360)-427-9670 EXT.352 Mail:P 0 Box 1666, Shelton WA 98584 Physical:426 W Cedar St, Shelton WA 98584 A condition will be added to the building permit that states,in part,that all conditions the stormwater site plan will be met prior to a request for final inspection of the building permit. Owner/Builder/Agent Acknowledges that submission of inaccurate information may result in a stop work order or permit revocation. Acknowledgement of such is by signature below.I declare that I am the owner,owner's legal representative,or the contractor.I further acknowledge that the information provided is accurate and employees of Mason County are granted access to the above- described 1�� p for review and inspection as may be required. X ter^ Owner/ ge t/Contractor(circle one)Date: 2'2 Page 2 of 2 Name'-, 4-5 N Parcel# b 10 C>'3 BLD# Mason County Department of Community Development Small Parcel Stormwater Management Application/Worksheet (page 1 of 2) Per Mason County Code, Title 14,Chapter 14.48 a stormwater site plan is required whenever a building application is made for residential development,or redevelopment',with more than 2,000 square feet of impervious surface'. 'Redevelopment means,on an already developed site,the creation or addition of impervious surfaces,structural development including construction,installation or expansion of a building or other structure,and/or replacement of impervious surface that is not part of a routine maintenance activity,and land disturbing activities associated with structural or impervious redevelopment. 'Common impervious surfaces include,but are not limited to,rooftops,walkways,patios,driveways,parking lots or storage areas, concrete or asphalt paving,gravel roads,packed earthen materials,and oiled,macadam or other surfaces which similarly impede the natural infiltration of stormwater.Open,uncovered retention/detention facilities shall not be considered as impervious surfaces. To Calculate Impervious Surfaces Please Complete This Table Surface Type Length X Width = Area *All dimensions in feet Buildings o X ilo = kb g v 2-c X Measurements for buildings are taken at the perimeter of the farthest projections (example: zo X L = L-80 eaves/gutters) X = Driveways ' c v X I = oo 0 X = Length of drive begins at the right of way X = Parking Areas X = X = Any paved, gravel or packed area per definition above table X = Patios/Walks X = _ Any paved, gravel or packed area per definition `( X I�' above table Lt X y Others X = X = If the total impervious area of the proposed site X = development is greater than 2000 square feet a Small Parcel Stormwater Site Plan is Required Total Impervious Surface Area (sum of all areas) (- j"L If the Total Impervious Surface Area is LESS THAN 2000 Square Feet,please read,acknowledge and sign below. Based Upon the information you have provided a Stormwater Site Plan IS NOT required for this development activity. Owner/Builder/Agent Acknowledges that submission of inaccurate information may result in a stop work order or permit revocation. Acknowledgement of such is by signature below.I declare that I am the owner,owner's legal representative,or the contractor.I further acknowledge that the information provided is accurate and employees of Mason County are granted access to the above- described property for review and inspection as may be required. X Owner/Agent/Contractor(circle one)Date: If the Total Impervious Surface Area is GREATER THAN 2000 Square Feet,please read,acknowledge and sign the information provided on page 2 of 2. Page 1 of 2 te � 4 6 RECEIVED BUILDING FEB 032021 615 W. Alder Street Palm Harbor Homes Palm Harbor Homes, Inc. September 22, 2008 Manufactured Home Installation Manual A Copy of this Manual must remain With the Home for Future Reference by the Occupant. Effective Date: October 20, 2008 ACPA, Conforms to UD Using the Manual H10/20/08SS This manual is organized into a series of steps that will take you through the entire installation process using only those pages required for the specific home being installed. First, review the entire manual, including the Introduction chapter.As you read it, identify sections of the manual that you will need; identify other documents or information you will need;construct lists of tools and materials required for your particular installation;and make sure you have everything you need before starting work. After reviewing the entire manual, refer to the sequence of installation steps in the table below. Identify the pathway for your installation and follow the arrows downward. Select either Single Section Home or a Multi-Section Home and choose the col- umn corresponding to the home's foundation type,either Pier and Ground Anchor or Load-Bearing Perimeter Wall (see Definitions, p.3).Then complete the work in each of the sections starting with Getting Started. If using an alternative(proprietary)foundation system,the installation process will change from that described in this manual. Consult the system manufacturer directions for instructions.See page 5 for alternative foundation system criteria. SECTIONSINGLE •ME MULTI-SECTION HOME Pier and Ground Anchor Load-Bearing Perimeter Pier and Ground Anchor Load Bearing Perimeter Wall Wall Getting Started (p. 7) Getting Started (p. 7) Getting Started (p. 7) Getting Started(p.7) Prepare the Site (p. 12) Prepare the Site(p. 12) Prepare the Site(p. 12) Prepare the Site (p. 12) Install Footings(p. 17) Construct Foundation Install Footings(p. 17) Construct Foundation ♦ (p.27) ♦ (p. 27) Set the Home(p. 29) ♦ Set the Home(p.29) ♦ Connect Utilities(p. 75) ♦ Complete Roof and Exte- Install Stabilizing System ♦ Complete Multi-Section rior Walls(p.43) (p.60) Prepare Appliances and Set(p. 35) ♦ Equipment(p. 84) ♦ Connect Crossovers Connect Utilities (p.75) ♦ Complete Roof and Exte- (p.48) ♦ Complete Under the rior Walls(p.43) Prepare Appliances and Home and Site Built ♦ Complete Interior(p. 58) Equipment(p. 84) Structures(p. 94) Connect Crossovers ♦ ♦ (p.48) Connect Utilities(p. 75) Complete Under the Prepare Home for Occu- Home and Site Built pancy(p. 97) Complete Interior(p. 58) Prepare Appliances and Structures(p. 94) ♦ ♦ Equipment(p. 84) ♦ Complete Installation Install Stabilizing System ♦ r Prepare Home for Occu- Checklist(p.98) (p.60) Complete Under the pancy(p. 97) ♦ Home and Site Built = ♦ Connect Utilities(p. 75) Structures(p. 94) D Complete Installation ♦ ♦ X Checklist(p. 98) Prepare Appliances and Prepare Home for Occu- p Equipment(p. 84) pancy(p. 97) X ♦ ♦ Z Complete Under the Complete Installation O Home and Site Built Checklist(p.98) m Structures(p.94) _N ♦ Z Prepare Home for Occu - pancy(p.97) D ♦ r Complete Installation,' Checklist(p.98) O Z 3 Disclaimer Z The Manufactured Housing Research Alliance,its members,consultants,contractors and representatives make no representations,warranty D or guarantee,express or implied,as to the accuracy or appropriateness of any materials or information in this manual for use in a specific home,nor assume any liability for the use of the information,methods,or materials contained herein,or for damages arising from any such r use. Copyright©2008 Manufactured Housing Research Alliance ISSN 1529-3424 -------- 9/22/08 Palm Harbor Homes, Inc. 1 PFS#°5 Conforms to HOD MHCSS Introduction 10/20/08 This installation manual contains instructions that must be followed for the proper installation of the home. It complies with the HUD Model Manufactured Home Installation Standards. Please read all instructions and any other documents(includ- ing addendum pages and supplements)that may apply to the specific home prior to commencing site work or installation. This installation manual covers permits and site work through final inspection of the installation. It covers both single and multi-section homes installed over pier and anchor, load bearing crawl space walls and basement foundations. It contains instructions, including specifications and procedures,for the set and hookup of manufactured homes to be used as single- family dwellings. The importance of correct installation cannot be over-emphasized.Correct installation is absolutely essential to home- owner satisfaction and the structural integrity of the home.All instructions must be followed to provide the customer with a safe,quality home. No manual can cover all circumstances that may exist for certain home designs or building sites. For questions,further clarification,or if you encounter conditions at the site or in the design of the home or its foundation not covered by this manual, please contact the manufacturer(see Resources, p. 2),a registered engineer,or registered architect. Supplemental addendum pages may be included with this manual. Supplements include requirements not covered in this manual or that supercede the manual instructions. Once the home installation is complete, leave this manual with the home. IMPORTANT NOTICES • The home manufacturer is not responsible for installation or for the materials supplied by the set-up crew at the time of installation.The installer may be responsible for any deviations from the installation instructions of this manual. • To keep the home in compliance with its warranty,the home installation must follow the procedures described in this manual or other procedures approved by the manufacturer. Deviation from the instructions in this manual may void the home's warranty.Any alterations or changes to the home shall be approved by a registered engi- neer or registered architect and may still be subject to warranty violations. • When an installer does not provide support and anchorage in accordance with the approved manufacturer's in- stallation instructions,or encounters site conditions(such as areas that are subject to flood damage or high seismic risk)or other conditions that prevent the use of the instructions provided in this manual,the installer must obtain special site-specific instructions from the manufacturer or use a design approved by a registered engineer or registered architect. • The installer must possess a valid installation license as a manufactured home installer. • If the installer identifies failures of the home to comply with the Federal Manufactured Home Construction and Safety Standards(the HUD Code),the installer must notify the manufacturer and retailer. SAFETY There are potential hazards associated with the installation of a manufactured home. Home installers are licensed, and as experienced professionals,should recognize these hazards, be qualified to work with them,and be capable of providing safe work practices and equipment that minimize the risks of injury. Only qualified persons should install a manufactured home.As qualified professionals in the field of manufactured home installation, installers are the experts and must be aware of the hazards and conditions faced.Warnings are published throughout this manual as reminders.These reminders may not cover all hazards, all potential hazards,or all possible consequences of improper or unsafe installation practices. Construction crews should be trained in the skills required and be supervised by experienced personnel. Installers should regularly inspect work performed by crews and subcontractors. Obey OSHA regulations, particularly those related to home construction,such as Title 29 Code of Regulations Part 1926. For copies of OSHA regulations,call (202)512-1800 or visit www.osha.gov on the web. RESOURCES Manufacturer contact information: See Back Cover for Building Center information Name Address Telephone Fax Palm Harbor Homes, Inc. 9/22/08 2 F #1,5 onforms to HUD MHCSS Website 10/20/08 Office of Regulatory Affairs and Manufactured Housing US Department of Housing and Urban Development 451 Seventh Street, SW, Room 9164 Washington, DC 20410-8000 Telephone: (202)708-6423 or(800)927-2891 FAX: (202)708-4213 State Administrative Agencies A list of SAAs may be found on the web at www.hud.gov or by contacting the Office of Regulatory Affairs and Manu- factured Housing. FEDERAL PREEMPTION This home was engineered,constructed,and inspected in conformance with the Federal Manufactured Home Construc- tion and Safety Standards of the US Department of Housing and Urban Development(24 CFR Part 3280,commonly re- ferred to as the"HUD Code")in effect on the date of manufacture.These Standards set forth minimum requirements for the design and construction of manufactured homes designed to be used as dwellings. Individual states,counties and cities shall have no authority to establish standards regarding the construction or safety of a manufactured home.A metal certification label is affixed to each section of the home to certify that it has been con- structed and inspected to comply with these Standards.The design plans and in-plant construction of all homes are in- spected by independent third party agencies to assure compliance with the Standards. The installation of the home and any alterations made to the home shall conform to the requirements of the Federal Manufactured Home Construction and Safety Standards and the HUD Model Manufactured Home Installation Standards. These installation instructions are minimum requirements.Applicable local or state laws may have more stringent installa- tion requirements than outlined in this manual and must be followed. Consult with the local authority having jurisdiction (LAHJ)for regulations that may require licenses and/or permits or which may affect procedures described in this manual. DEFINITIONS ANCHOR ASSEMBLY.Any device or other means designed to transfer loads to the ground. ANCHORING EQUIPMENT.Ties,straps,cables,tumbuckles,chains,and other approved components, including tension- ing devices that are used to secure a manufactured home to anchor assemblies. ANCHORING SYSTEM.A combination of anchoring equipment and anchor assemblies that will,when properly designed and installed, resist the uplift,overturning,and lateral forces on the manufactured home. BASEMENT.A load-bearing perimeter wall foundation that includes habitable space(finished or unfinished, heated or unheated)partly or completely below grade. > D r CRAWLSPACE.The space underneath the home's floor system,enclosed with either load-or non-load bearing perimeter 3 walls.The ground may be covered with a concrete slab or by a plastic ground cover. Crawlspace walls must be D vented. CROSSOVERS. Utility interconnections between sections of multi-section homes, including heating and cooling ducts, 0 O electrical circuits,and water pipes,drain plumbing,and gas lines. 70 2 DATA PLATE.An information sheet located at the main electrical panel,in the utility room, in a bedroom closet,or in a p cabinet in the kitchen. It contains a unique identification number and identifies the wind zone, roof load zone,and cli- m matic zone for which the home was constructed. N DIAGONAL TIE.A tie intended to resist horizontal or shear forces, but which may resist vertical, uplift, and overturning N forces. D FOOTING.That portion of the support system that transmits loads directly to the soil. D GROUND ANCHOR.A specific anchoring assembly device designed to transfer home loads to the ground. H-BEAM.Steel H-beams are often used to support a home over a basement or crawlspace.They span across the foun- Z dation from sidewall to sidewall,typically with an intermediate support pier and footing(typically in the center point re- y sulting in a line of piers under the centerline of a double section home). D Z INFORMATION PACKET.A set of important documents provided with the home including warranties, information on high C wind coverage,and other features of the specific home. r INSTALLATION LICENSE.The proof that an installer meets the requirements for installing manufactured homes under the HUD-administered installation program. 9/22/08 Palm Harbor Homes, Inc. 3 OFS#o5 Conforms to HUD HCSS LABELED. Equipment or materials to which has been attached a label,symbol,or other identifying mark of a certified ioiz os testing laboratory, inspection agency, or other an organization concerned with product evaluation.The label indicates compliance with nationally recognized standards or tests to determine suitable usage in a specified manner. LISTED OR CERTIFIED. Included in a list published by a nationally recognized testing laboratory, inspection agency, or other organization concerned with product evaluation that maintains periodic inspection of production of listed equip- ment or materials,and whose listing states either that the equipment or material meets nationally recognized stan- dards or has been tested and found suitable for use in a specified manner. LOAD-BEARING PERIMETER WALL FOUNDATION.A support system for the home whereby the home is mechanically fastened to a structural wall(s)that transfers gravity, lateral,and uplift loads to the ground. LOCAL AUTHORITY HAVING JURISDICTION (LAHJ).The state,city,county, municipality, utility,or organization that has local responsibilities that must be complied with during the installation of a manufactured home. MUST. Indicates a mandatory requirement. N/A. Indicates not applicable. PIER.That portion of the support system between the footing and the manufactured home, exclusive of shims.Types of piers include, but are not limited to:(1)manufactured steel stands; (2)pressure-treated wood; (3)manufactured con- crete stands; (4)concrete blocks;and(5)portions of foundation walls. PIER AND GROUND ANCHOR FOUNDATION.A support system for the home that employs piers under the chassis and other locations to support gravity loads and employs ground anchors and tie downs(the stabilizing system)to resist lateral and uplift loads. PERIMETER BLOCKING.Regularly spaced piers supporting the sidewalls and marriage line of the home.Some homes require perimeter blocking in addition to supports under the home's frame. QUALIFIED. Has the necessary knowledge and skills gained from experience and training that will allow performance of the job safely,competently,and in accordance with all applicable codes,standards, rules, and regulations. Meets all necessary qualification tests including any license and certification requirements that may be in effect in the area where the home will be installed. RAMADA.Any freestanding roof or shade structure, installed or erected over a manufactured home or any portion thereof. SHOULD. Indicates a recommendation that is strongly advised but not mandatory. SHALL. Indicates a mandatory requirement. SITE FOR A MANUFACTURED HOME.A designated parcel of land designed for the accommodation of one manufac- tured home, its accessory buildings or structures,and accessory equipment,for the exclusive use of the occupants of the home. SKIRTING.A weather-resistant material used to enclose the perimeter, under the living area of the home,from the bottom of the manufactured home to grade. STABILIZING SYSTEM.All components of the anchoring and support systems,such as piers,footings,ties,anchoring equipment,anchoring assemblies,or any other equipment, materials and methods of construction,that support and secure the manufactured home to the ground. SUPPORT SYSTEM. Pilings, columns,a combination of footings, piers,foundation walls,caps,and shims and any com- bination thereof that will,when properly installed,support and secure the manufactured home to the ground. TIE.Straps, cable, or securing devices used to connect the manufactured home to anchoring assemblies. UTILITY CONNECTION.The connection of the manufactured home to utilities that include, but are not limited to,electric- ity,water,sewer,gas, or fuel oil. VERTICAL TIE.A tie intended to resist uplifting and overturning forces. WIND ZONE.The areas designated on the Basic Wind Zone Map,as further defined by the Manufactured Home Con- struction and Safety Standards. ENGINEER'S STAMP Certain pages of this manual display the seal of a registered engineer. Federal guidelines only require the seal from one state to be displayed, but the details herein apply to all states. Palm Harbor Homes, Inc. 9/22/08 4 PAFS#°5 Conforms to SYMBOLS USED IN THE MANUAL HUDMHCSS 10/20/08 This icon indicates an important warning. It is critical to heed these warnings. This icon indicates a recommended best practice.While not required,following these practices will result in a superior installation, reducing the chance that cosmetic or dura- bility related complaints might arise. ABBREVIATIONS ABS Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene max. Maximum American National Standards Insti- Manufactured Home Construction and ANSI tute MHCSS Safety Standards APA American Plywood Association min. Minimum ASTM American Society for Testing and Ma- mph Mile(s)per hour terials AWPA American Wood Preservers Associa- NEC National Electric Code tion CFM Cubic feet per minute NFIP National Flood Insurance Program CFR Code of Federal Regulations NFPA National Fire Protection Association DWV Drain,Waste,Vent O.C. On center EMT Electrical metallic tubing OSHA Occupational Safety and Health Admini- stration FEMA Federal Emergency Management oz Ounce(s) Agency ft Foot/feet p. Page ga Gauge psf Pounds per square foot HUD US Department of Housing and Ur- psi Pounds per square inch ban Development in Inch(es) SAA State Administrative Agency D r LAHJ Local Authority Having Jurisdiction sq ft Square foot/feet 2 lb(s) Pound(s) > a) O ALTERNATIVE FOUNDATION SYSTEMS X Alternative foundation systems or designs are permitted if they are approved by the home manufacturer and the manufac- _ turer's DAPIA, and are in accordance with either of the following: 3 Systems or designs are manufactured and installed in accordance with their listings by a nationally recognized Cn • testing agency based on a nationally recognized testing protocol;or Z • System designs are prepared by a registered engineer or a registered architect or tested and certified by a regis- tered engineer or registered architect in accordance with acceptable engineering practice and are manufactured r and installed so as not to take the home out of compliance with the Manufactured Home Construction and Safety 1— Standards. > O DISPLAY AND STORAGE OF THE HOME z WEATHER PROTECTION 3 D If the installation is not started immediately upon delivery of the home,the retailer and/or installer has the responsibility to z ensure the exterior weather protection covering of marriage walls and the roof of homes with hinged roofs has not been y damaged during shipment. Inspect the home immediately upon the delivery and frequently during storage. Promptly repair r tears in the home closure materials to prevent damage from the elements. Inspect and repair roof shingles and siding as needed. ---- -----.- ----... -- 9/22/08 Palm Harbor Homes, Inc. 5 PFS#°5 HUD MHCSS SUPPORTING A HOME FOR DISPLAY tonoios When a new or used manufactured home is to be displayed at a retail location,temporarily block and support the home. Set up single-section homes with single block piers spaced no further apart than 12 feet o.c. beneath each I-beam.The tire and axle system may be used as one of these required supports,and the hitch jack may be used as another. Locate the first pier no further than two feet from the rear end of the home(Figure 1). Place additional piers along the perimeter on either side of openings greater than four feet(i.e.sliding glass doors,bay windows,etc.). For multi-section homes, locate additional piers along the marriage line under support columns.These locations will be marked by the manufacturer. Figure 1.Supporting a home for display 12'-0" 12'-0" 17-0" 12'-0" 12'-0" For all homes, place footings below each pier. Footings may be placed directly on the surface grade without excavation and may be ABS pads,2 x 10 by 16 inch long pressure treated lumber or 16"x 16"by 4 inch thick concrete pads. SUPPORTING A HOME FOR STORAGE To prevent damage to homes being stored but not on display(i.e. people shall not be permitted inside the home)for a pe- riod exceeding 30 days, locate piers below each I-beam no further than two feet from each end of the home and at the approximate center of the home length. CUSTOMIZATION OF THE MODEL MANUAL This manual is based on a model manufacturer's installation manual used by many different companies. It may have been customized from the model by the manufacturer.The table below lists the locations where this manual differs from the model manual. Section Step Summary of the change Complete Multi Section Step 3:Complete Palm Harbor includes manual addenda for hinged roof systems based on Set Hinged Roof model and plant specifics.Several references have been added to those in- structions through out the process described in Step 3. Install Footings Table 10 Added note indicating piers w/loads> 16K must be designed by PE Install Stabilizing Sys- Most tables have been modified/added to fit the PH anchoring systems. tems All A number of details and descriptions,not used by PHH have been removed. Any added text is high lighted using italized font. -_ - Palm Harbor Homes, Inc. 9/22/08 6 PFS#°5Getting Started Conforms to HUD MHCSs Getting Started 10/20/08 This chapter covers a few steps that,taken now,will avoid problems later in the installation process. Follow the Steps • - • V STEP 1. LOCATE THE DATA PLATE(p. 7) ' V STEP 2.CONFIRM WIND ZONE (p. 7) STEP 3.CONFIRM THERMAL ZONE(p. 8) STEP 4. CONFIRM ROOF-LOAD ZONE (p. 9) STEP 5.CHECK LOCAL CODES AND SECURE PERMITS(p. 10) STEP 1. LOCATE THE DATA PLATE Locate the data plate inside the home(Figure 2),typically inside a kitchen cabinet door or on a wall panel or door face near the electrical panel, utility room,or bedroom closet. --= =- Figure 2. Sample data plate ¢� yy D The information on the data plate will be used to verify that the home was designed for D the proper location. / // � • O STEP 2. CONFIRM WIND ZONE Site approprietness. If the ;a From Table 1, identifythe wind zone for the home.Verify that the home conforms to = fY site is not accessible, not p the following rules and any special requirements determined by the LAHJ. appropriate for the planned m • No home may be located in a higher wind zone than that indicated on the support system or cannot (n data plate. (Example:a home designed for Wind Zone 11 cannot be placed in be properly graded, notify Z Wind Zone 111.) the purchaser,the retailer (n and HUD,with the reasons � • A home may be located in a lower wind zone than that indicated on the data > why the site is unsuitable. plate. (Example: a home designed for Wind Zone II can be placed in either Do not install the home until r- Wind Zone II or I.) all issues are remedied. • Homes located within 1,500 feet of the coastline in Wind Zones II and III must Z be designed to withstand exposure'D'conditions.This will be indicated on the data plate. D If the home does not conform to these rules, contact the manufacturer immediately. C D r 9/22/08 Palm Harbor Homes, Inc. 7 Getting Started �- PSA #05 Conforms to HUD MHcss TABLE 1.WIND ZONE BY LOCALITY 10/20/08 Wind Zone AII areas except those areas listed below as being within Wind Zone II or I I I Wind Zone 11 .0. Counties of Baldwin and Mobile • •. All counties except those listed below as within Wind Zone III • . . Counties of Bryan,Camden,Chatham,Glynn,Liberty,McIntosh Parishes of Acadia,Allen,Ascension,Assumption,Calcasieu,Cameron,East Baton Rouge,East Feliciana, Evangeline,Iberia, Iberville,Jefferson Davis,Lafayette,Livingston,Pointe Coupee,St.Helena,St.James,St.John the Baptist,St.Landry,St.Martin,St.Tammany,Tangipahoa,Vermillion,Washington,West Baton Rouge,and West Feliciana Counties of Hancock and Washington Counties of Barnstable,Bristol,Dukes, Nantucket,and Plymouth .. Counties of George,Hancock,Harrison,Jackson,Pearl River,and Stone • Counties of Beaufort, Brunswick,Camden,Chowan,Columbus,Craven,Curriluck,Jones, New Hanover,Onslow. Pamlico, Pasquotank, Pender, Perquimans,Tyrrell,and Washington Counties of Beaufort,Berkeley,Charleston,Colleton,Dorchester,Georgetown,Horry,Jasper,and Williamsburg Counties of Aransas,Brazoria,Calhoun,Cameron,Chambers,Galveston,Jefferson,Kennedy,Kleberg,Mata- gorda,Nueces,Orange,Refugio,San Patricio,and Willacy Cities of Chesapeake, Norfolk,Portsmouth,Princess Anne,and Virginia Beach Entire state Coastal regions(as determined by the 90 mph isotach on the ANSI/ASCE 7-88 map) • •- Counties of Broward,Charlotte,Collier,Dade, Franklin,Gulf, Hendry,Lee,Martin,Manatee,Monroe,Palm Beach, Pinellas,and Sarasota Parishes of Jefferson,La Fourche,Orleans,Plaquemines,St.Bernard,St.Charles,St.Mary,and Terrebonne • • Counties of Carteret;Dare,and Hyde • - All regions of the U.S.Territories of American Samoa,Guam,Northern Mariana Islands,Puerto Rico,Trust Terri- tory of the Pacific Islands,and the United States Virgin Islands STEP 3. CONFIRM THERMAL ZONE From Figure 3, identify the thermal(UO)zone for the home.Verify that the home con- forms to the following rules. QNo home may be located in an area with a higher thermal zone number than =11 that indicated on the data plate.(Example:a home designed for Thermal QZone 2 cannot be placed in Thermal Zone 3.) A home may be located in a lower thermal zone than that indicated on the Z data plate. (Example:a home designed for Thermal Zone 2 may be placed in O either Thermal Zone 2 or 1.). 1= Q In no case may a home designated for installation in the"Humid&Fringe J Climate,"as identified on the data plate, be located outside of this region (Table 2). ZIf the home does not conform to these rules, contact the manufacturer immediately. 0 w 2 O x O m a J Q a Palm Harbor Homes, Inc. 9/22/08 8 PFGetting Started S#°5 Conforms to ---liSiD 11IliC� 10/20/08 wa VT NH ME,y Figure 3. Thermal(UO)zone �qT NN MN VIA map SD WI Mhl Y wY NE IA __r ON PA NJ r � A IN OE U( YJJ VA uu "N "n TABLE 2. HUMID AND FRINGE CLIMATE ZONES IN .•. Counties of Baldwin,Barbour,Bullock,Butler,Choctaw,Clarke,Coffee,Conecuh,Covington,Crenshaw,Dale, Escambia,Geneva,Henry,Houston,Lowndes,Marengo,Mobile,Monroe,Montgomery,Pike,Washington,and Wilcox . .. All counties and locations • • . Counties of Appling,Atkinson,Bacon,Baker,Ben Hill,Berrien,Brantley,Brooks,Bryan,Calhoun,Camden,Char- Ieton,Chatham,Clay,Clinch,Coffee,Colquitt,Cook,Crisp,Decatur,Dougherty,Early, Echols,Effingham,Evans, Glynn,Grady,Irwin,Jeff Davis,Lanier,Lee,Liberty,Long,Lowndes,McIntosh,Miller,Mitchell,Pierce,Quitman, Randolph,Seminole,Tattnall,Terrell,Thomas,Tift,Turner,Ware,Wayne,and Worth All counties and locations • All counties and locations .. Counties of Adams,Amite,Claiborne,Clarke,Copiah,Covington, Forrest,Franklin,George,Greene,Hancock, Harrison,Hinds,Issaquena,Jackson,Jasper,Jefferson,Jefferson Davis,Jones,Lamar,Lawrence,Lincoln, Marion,Pearl River,Perry,Pike,Rankin,Simpson,Smith,Stone,Walthall,Warren,Wayne,and Wilkinson • Counties of Brunswick,Carteret,Columbus,New Hanover,Onslow,and Pender Counties of Beaufort,Berkeley,Charleston,Colleton,Dorchester,Georgetown,and Horry Counties of Anderson,Angelina,Aransas,Atascosa,Austin,Bastrop,Bee,Bexar,Brazoria,Brooks,Burleson, Caldwell,Calhoun,Cameron,Camp,Cass,Chambers,Cherokee,Colorado,Comal,De Witt,Dimmit,Duval,Falls, Fayette,Fort Bend,Franklin,Freestone,Frio,Galveston,Goliad,Gonzales,Gregg,Grimes,Guadalupe,Hardin, Hams,Harrison,Hays,Henderson,Hidalgo,Hopkins,Houston,Jackson,Jasper,Jefferson,Jim Hogg,Jim Wells, Karnes,Kaufman,Kennedy,Kinney,Kleberg,La Salle,Lavaca,Lee,Leon,Liberty,Limestone,Live Oak,Madison, Marion,Matagorda,Maverick,McMullen,Medina,Milam,Montgomery,Morris,Nacogdoches,Navarro,Newton, D Nueces,Orange,Panola,Polk,Rains,Refugio,Robertson,Rusk,Sabine,San Augustine,San Jacinto,San Patri- cio,Shelby,Smith,Starr,Titus,Travis,Trinity,Tyler,Upshur,Uvalde,Val Verde,Van Zandt,Victoria,Walker, _ Waller,Washington,Webb,Wharton,Willacy,Williamson,Wilson,Wood,Zapata,and Zavala D X 133 STEP 4. CONFIRM ROOF LOAD ZONE From Table 3, identify the Roof Load Zone for the home.Verify that the home con- _ forms to the following rules. 0 • No home may be placed in an area with a higher roof load than that indicated N on the data plate. (Example:a home designed for the South (20 psf)Roof Load Zone cannot be placed in the Middle(30 psf) Roof Load Zone). Z • A home may be located in an area with a lower roof load than that indicated D on the data plate. (Example: a home designed for the Middle(30 psf)Roof r Load Zone may be placed in the South(20 psf) Roof Load Zone). r D • There are special high roof load areas(primarily in mountains)not shown on —{ the map. Contact the LAHJ or SAA for information about these areas.The Z home's data plate will indicate if the home has been designed for one of these 3 high roof load areas. D • Ramadas may be used in areas with roof live loads greater than 40 psf. C Ramadas are to be self-supporting, except that any connection to the home D must be for weatherproofing only. r 9/22/08 Palm Harbor Homes, Inc. 9 /IFGetting Stafted S#a Conforms to HUD MHCSS —t------------ --- ------- — 0/20/08 TABLE 3. ROOF LOADS BY LOCALITY North t psf roof All counties Counties of Aroostook,Piscataquis,Somerset,Penobscot,Waldo,Knox,Hancock,Washington . . ..• All counties •. . All counties • Counties of:Buena Vista,Butler,Calhoun,Cerro Gordo,Cherokee,Chickasaw,Clay,Dickinson,Emmet,Floyd, Franklin, Hamilton,Hancock,Hardin,Howard, Humboldt,Ida, Kossuth, Lyon,Mitchell,O'Brien,Osceola,Palo Alto, Plymouth,Pocahontas,Sac,Sioux,Webster,Winnebago,Worth,Wright Counties of Androscoggin,Cumberland, Franklin, Kanabec,Lincoln,Oxford,Sagadahoc,York County of Essex •. Counties of Alger,Alcona,Alpena,Antrim,Baraga,Benzie,Charlevoix,Cheboygan,Chippewa,Crawford,Delta, Dickson,Emmet,Gogebic,Grand Traverse,Houghton,Iron,Kalkaska,Keweenaw,Leelanau,Luce,Mackinac, Marquette,Menominee,Missaukee,Montmorency,Ogemaw,Ontonagon,Oscoda,Otsego,Presque Isle,Ros- common,Schoolcraft,Wexford . . Counties of Aitkin,Anoka,Benton, Blue Earth,Brown,Cass,Carlton,Carver,Chippewa,Chisago,Cook,Cotton- wood,Crow Wing,Dakota,Dodge,Douglas,Faribault,Fillmore,Freeborn,Goodhue,Grant,Hennepin,Hubbard, Itasca,Isanti,Jackson,Kandiyohi, Kanabec,Koochiching,Lac qui Parle,Lake,Le Sueur,Lincoln,Lyon,McLeod, Meeker,Morrison, Millie Lacs,Mower,Martin, Murray,Nicollet,Nobles,Olmsted,Pipestone,Pine,Pope,Ramsey, Redwood,Renville, Rice,Rock,St.Louis,Sibley,Scott,Steele,Sherburne,Swift,Stearns,Stevens,Todd,Wa- dena,Wright,Washington,Wabasha,Winona,Waseca,Watonwan,Yellow Medicine • All Counties • All Counties Counties of Cayuga,Clinton,Essex,Erie, Franklin,Fulton,Genesee,Hamilton,Herkimer,Jefferson,Lewis, Livingston,Madison,Monroe,Montgomery,Niagara,Oneida,Onondaga,Ontario,Orleans,Oswego,St.Lawrence, Saratoga,Schenectady,Seneca,Warren,Washington,Wayne,Wyoming,Yates • •. • . Counties of Brookings,Clay,Codington,Deuel,Grant,Hamlin,Hanson,Hutchinson,Kingsbury,Lake,Lincoln, McCook,Miner, Minnehaha,Moody,Turner,Union,Yankee All Counties Counties of Addison,Caledonia,Chittenden,Essex,Franklin,Grand Isle,Lamoille,Orange,Orleans,Rutland, Washington,Windsor • Counties of Ashland,Bayfield,Barron,Buffalo,Burnett,Clark,Chippewa,Door,Douglas,Dunn,Eau Claire,Flor- ence,Forest, Iron,Jackson,Langlade,Lincoln,Marathon,Marinette,Menominee,Or-onto,Oneida,Pepin,Pierce, Polk,Price, Rusk,St.Croix,Sawyer,Taylor,Trempealeau,Vilas,Washburn • • All Counties Q • The states and counties not listed for the Middle or North roof load zone above are deemed to be within the South Z roof load zone. Q Z Q Is the data plate present and the homeplaced appropriate • thermal, and roof load zones? J •• to STEP 5, CHECK LOCALCODES • 1 Z • Stop installation activities and notify the homepurchaser N and HUD. W o x STEP 5. CHECK LOCAL CODES AND SECURE PERMITS w Local regulations may set conditions for the siting and installation of a manufactured mhome.Consult the LAHJ,state manufactured housing association,and the state SAA / / A (See Resources, p.2)for the specific local requirements, including: Areas subject to flooding. _ 0 Building codes that may affect the construction of site built structures and in- The foundation specifica- frastructure. tions contained in this Q manual are NOT intended a Palm Harbor Homes, Inc. 9/22/08 10 PFS#°5 ® I Getting Started Conforms to 000 HUD MHCSS 16/20/08 • Local requirements regulating the installation of manufactured homes. to address flood loads. If • Setback requirements for property lines,streets,yards,and courts. the home is in the flood • Fire separation distances. e plain,consult a registered engineer. g • Development covenants for the specific property. • The locations of flood hazard areas and any special foundation requirements for homes installed in those areas. • In some areas, building permits are required to install manufactured homes. Prior to making any alteration to the site and the home,contact the LAW to determine if plan approval and permits are required. •• to • D r 3 x D O x O 3 m r� z Ca n r r n O z 3 D z c D r 9/22/08 Palm Harbor Homes, Inc. 11 Prepare OF #05 NWILConforms to HUD MHCSS Prepare the Site 10/20/08 A properly prepared site is critical to a good quality installation and the long term structural stability of the home. This chapter explains the process of planning the site,evaluating the soil,and preparing the site for construction of the home's support system. Follow the Steps • - • STEP 1. PLAN SITE ACCESS(p. 12) STEP 2. DETERMINE HOME LOCATION AND LAYOUT(p. 12) STEP 3. CLEAR AND GRADE THE SITE(p. 13) STEP 4. DETERMINE SOIL CONDITIONS(p. 13) ' V STEP 5. DETERMINE SOIL BEARING CAPACITY AND FROST LINE (p. 13) w V STEP 6. DETERMINE GROUND ANCHOR HOLDING CAPACITY(p. 14) STEP 1. PLAN SITE ACCESS Planning the route to the site is typically the responsibility of the retailer or transporta- tion company.Whoever is responsible must secure state permits from the states through which the home will pass. Site Preparation.The home In planning the route,avoid obstructions that might interfere with the passage of the manufacturer has no con- home, such as low hanging wires and trees, low overpasses, and bridges not suitable trol over the site planning for the load. Contact the utility company if wires need to be moved. Do not allow and installation of the home branches, bushes,or other foliage to scrape against the home as the home is moved to unless the manufacturer is the site.Avoid ditches,berms,steep slopes,and soft ground. Identify and fill any holes responsible for the home's and soft spots into which the transporter's wheels may sink.Avoid moving over steep installation. Final responsi- changes in grade(20 degrees or more). bility for site preparation, If required, provide for home storage and staging areas on the site. Plan the delivery including soil stability and and staging of home sections and materials so that after all deliveries are complete, frost heave control, lies with home sections and materials can be accessed for use and installed in the appropriate the installer.An improperly sequence. Orient home sections so they do not have to be rotated or excessively ma- prepared site may result in Q neuvered during the installation process.Plan for temporary needs,such as dump- the denial of a foundation- sters, portable toilets, crew parking,delivery vehicle drop-offs and concrete mixer de- related warranty claim. Z liveries. 4 Before moving the manufactured home to the site, inform the LAHJ and make sure the Z site is prepared and utilities are available. O H STEP 2. DETERMINE HOME LOCATION AND LAYOUT QThe home location may have already been determined by others. If not, plan the home location and layout in compliance with the regulations researched in Getting Started, V? 0 Z STEP 5.CHECK LOCAL CODES AND SECURE PERMITS(p.7). Contact utilities for Fire separation.Comply U) locations of existing infrastructure,such as underground cables, pipes, and electrical with any LAHJ fire separa- LU lines. E tion requirements or the re- 0 When planning the site improvements, consider the following: quirements NFPA 501A, The home location should be level. 2003 edition(Chapter 6). m Avoid contact with large trees,steep slopes,poorly drained areas,and poten- tial flood zones. _ 0 Preserve trees and shrubs for shade,visual screens, and windbreaks. J Plan the driveway, parking areas,septic,well,other structures,and utility d lines. a Palm Harbor Homes, Inc. 9/22/08 12 PFS#°5 0-1 Prepare the Site Conforms to HUD MHCSS • Consider future additions,such as screen rooms, porches,and awningstonoios • Site the home away from natural water paths. STEP 3. CLEAR AND GRADE THE SITE Trim overhanging foliage considering future growth, potential storms,swaying in wind and snow/ice-weighted branches. Remove organic material such as vegetation,wood, roots,twigs,dead branches,grass, and brush from directly under the home. Remove any debris that could become termite infested from the site and surrounding area. Re- Site drainage. Moisture un- move all other debris from the home location, including roots from beneath footing loca- der the home can result in tions. Properly dispose of all items. structural damage to the floor system and other Crown the site(Figure 4)away from the foundation for the first ten feet with a minimum parts of the home. Failure slope of 1/2 inch per foot.Where property lines,walls, slopes, or other physical condi- to provide adequate tions prohibit this slope, provide the site with drains,swales, or grading to drain water slope/drainage can result in away from the structure.Any fill required to grade the site should be inorganic"con- moisture-related problems trolled fill"applied in a maximum of four inch layers,compacted between each layer to such as mold, mildew,and at least 90%of its maximum relative density. Direct runoff away from the site using erosion. ditches and berms(Figure 5). If the home will have skirting,start grading from two feet in from the edge of the home. Figure 4. Crown the soil un- der the home to prevent wa- ter ponding Figure 5. Direct runoff away y from the home FE A�' H se y y y A�_ y k, \A y yyyy Arrows Indicate direction of water flow. Grade the ground so that water under porches,decks,and recessed entries flows D away from the home. If proper grading is not possible, use other methods such as a r 3 drain tile and automatic sump pump system to remove any water that may collect un- _ der the home. > r The home is suitable for the installation of gutters and downspouts.When gutters O and downspouts are installed, direct runoff away from the home. X 2 O rl The home is not suitable for the installation of gutters and downspouts. C m STEP 4. DETERMINE SOIL CONDITIONS N Examine the soil type under the proposed home location to make sure it is suitable for placement of a home.The design of the home's support system, including footing/pier I �— spacing and size,will in part be determined by the bearing capacity of the soil,and if ground anchors are used, by the soil's withdrawal strength. Soil. Inadequate soil bearing capacity or a support sys- The soil under every portion of the support system must meet the following criteria: tem mismatched to the soil Z • The soil must be firm and undisturbed(not previously excavated)or fill com- characteristics can result in 3 pacted to at least 90%of its maximum relative density. Uncompacted fill will excessive or differential Z settle over time,causing the home to shift and become unlevel. settlement of the home, C which can cause the home D • Fill must not contain large debris.This too will settle over time. to go out of level, resulting r • The soil must not be comprised of organic clays or peat. Organic material can in jammed doors and win- 9/22/08 Palm Harbor Homes, Inc. 13 Prepare the Site PFS#°5 Conforms to HU MHCSS decay, causing settlement,and also may harbor pests that can infest the 1 zoios dows,cracks in finishes home. and ruptured plumbing • The water table must be below the lowest level of the planned support sys- connections. tem/foundation.A soil's bearing capacity can be greatly reduced when it is saturated with water. Note that water tables may vary with seasonal or cli- mactic conditions. Consult a geologist or the LAHJ if you are unsure of the water table level. • The soil must not be a highly expansive type. Expansive soils can expand when they become saturated with water,causing the home to shift and be- come unlevel. If soils are expansive,contact a registered engineer,or regis- tered architect to assist with the design of the foundation system. Does the soil - •• to STEP 5, DETERMINE SOIL FROST • ' 110- NO, Consult a registered engineer, registered architect, or geologist to determine a suitable soil bearing capacity. STEP 5. DETERMINE SOIL-BEARING CAPACITY AND FROST LINE The soil under a home must be capable of withstanding the loads imposed by the weight of the home, its support system and furnishings,as well as any loads imposed by wind,snow,or other climactic conditions. Soil bearing capacity. Sup- SOIL-BEARING CAPACITY port systems on soils with Determine the soil-bearing capacity in pounds per square foot(psf)before designing a bearing capacities less than support system.The higher the capacity(psf),the more weight the soil can hold without 1,000 psf must be designed unduly compressing. As the soil-bearing capacity increases,footings can be reduced in by a registered engineer or size or spaced farther apart. registered architect and approved by the LAHJ. Use one or more of the following methods to determine the site's soil bearing capacity: Limitations of pocket pene- s Test the soil.Hire a registered geologist, registered engineer,or registered trometers. Pocket pene- architect to determine the soil classification and maximum allowable soil bear- trometers do not work on ing capacity by testing the soil in accordance with generally accepted engi- sand or gravel. Use Table neering practice. 4 to determine allowable • Obtain soil records.The local office of the U.S. Department of Agriculture's pressure for these types of Natural Resources Conservation Service(www.soils.usda.gov)and/or the soils. If you encounter a QLAHJ may have test results and/or soil analyses on file for the area. layer of gravel,test the soil Conduct a pocket penetrometer test. Use a pocket penetrometer to esti- under the gravel. Do not Z put the penetrometer on Q mate allowable soil-bearing capacity as follows: stones larger than its tip as 2 1. Select a location that will be under a footing.9• this will provide an inaccu- O 2. Clear an area of a minimum of one square foot at least four inches deep rate reading. f- or to the depth of the bottom of the planned footing. J3. Using the instructions provided with the pocket penetrometer,take at Q least five readings. 4. Discard the high and low readings and average the remaining readings. Z Round this result down to the nearest soil-bearing value shown in the co right column of Table 4. g5. Confirm that the rounded result matches the soil description on Table 4. O Determine soil-bearing value by visual examination. If one of the options above is not available,the values on Table 4 can be used to establish soil- 0 bearing capacity by visual examination.This method provides lower capacity m values than the options above.Accurate soil identification typically requires Qspecial training or expertise.An engineer or building code official may be able = to assist in classifying the soil found on the site. J Q a Palm Harbor Homes, Inc. 9/22/08 14 PFS#°5Prepare the Site Conforms to HUD MHCSS 10/20/08 TABLE 4.SOIL-BEARING CAPACITY BY SOIL TYPE Soil Type(and classification) Allowable Pressure(psf) Rock or hard pan(class 1) 4,000 Sandy gravel and gravel;very dense and/or cemented sands; 2,000 course gravel/cobbles;preloaded silts,clays and coral(class 2) Sand;silty sand;clayey sand;silty gravel;medium dense course 1,500 sands;sandy gravel;very stiff silt,sand clays(class 3) Clay,sandy clay, silty clay,clayey silt(classes 4A and 4B) 1,000 Uncompacted fill,peat,organic clays(class 5) Professional testing required Note to table:No allowances made for overburden pressure,embedment depth,water table height,or settlement problems. • Use default capacity. Use an allowable pressure of 1,500 psf,unless site- specific information requires the use of lower values based on soil classifica- tion and type according to Table 4. Note that soil types may vary across a home site. In this case,the soil with the lowest bearing capacity should be assumed when designing the support system. Keep a re- cord of the soil-bearing capacity value; it will be used later to design the home's sup- port system. FROST LINE In climates subject to ground freezing,consult the LAFIJ,a registered engineer,or reg- istered architect to determine the depth of the frost line. Figure 6 may be used as a guideline when there is no specific local determination. Keep a record of the frost depth; it will be used later to design the home's support system. 1' 2' Figure 6.Average frost 3' 4 5'67' �. 6.5' penetration depth(in feet) 4' 3' 0' 3' 3' 2' -a D x 0' D CD O X x O 3 m N Will this installation use auger-type ground anchors? F: Cn 1110- YES, .• to STEP . DETERMINE GROUND • - HOLDING D • 17, r- -•• • • i ' —Di Torque Probe.Before using z STEP 6. DETERMINE GROUND ANCHOR HOLDING CAPAC- the torque probe,check 9 with the utility companies D ITY for the location of under- C When using auger-type ground anchors to tie down the home,first, use a torque probe ground cables or pipes to D to determine the anchor-holding strength of the soil on the site. avoid contact with the r probe shaft. 9/22/08 Palm Harbor Homes, Inc. 15 Prepare the Site PFS#°5 Conforms to HUD MHCSS Use a torque probe with a shaft of sufficient length to test the soil at the depth of the 10/20/08 anchor helical plate.Augur the probe into the ground,and following the probe manufac- turer's instructions,take the torque wrench reading in the area where the anchors will be installed and at the depth of the anchor helix. If the soil varies in consistency across the site,then use the lowest reading. Based on this reading,consult the anchor manu- facturer's charts to select the anchor type(s). What •- of support • No- For pier and ground anchor, •• to Install Footings, • 1110� For load-bearing perimeter wall, go to Construct Foundation, (p. 27) I i i J Q ' Z Q Z O ' J J Q _Z W O O '' 00 Q ' J Q a i Palm Harbor Homes, Inc. 9/22/08 16 #05 Install Footings ___A;g Conforms to Install Footings oogss This chapter provides instructions for the design and construction of individual footings that transfer the load from a single pier to the ground.A footing and pier together(discussed in Set the Home)is referred to as a"support."A footing may also be designed to carry the load of multiple piers(often called "strip"footings).The design of strip footings is not cov- ered in this manual. Follow the Steps • - • ( V STEP 1. DESIGN POINT LOAD SUPPORTS(p. 17) ,off: STEP 2. DESIGN FRAME SUPPORTS(Homes Without Perimeter Blocking)(p. 20) STEP 3. DESIGN FRAME AND PERIMETER SUPPORTS(Homes With Perimeter Blocking)(p.21) STEP 4. SELECT FOOTING MATERIALS(p. 22) STEP 5.SIZE FOOTINGS(p.22) STEP 6. INSTALL FOOTINGS(p.25) STEP 1. DESIGN POINT LOAD SUPPORTS All homes will need supports,and therefore footings, under the frame, marriage line (for multi-section homes),exterior wall openings and other heavy point loads. The home manufacturer may have provided a blocking diagram(or tags,labels, paint High roof loads. For roof or other markings under the home)indicating the required locations and/or loads for loads of 40 psf or greater, perimeter, marriage line and/or frame supports specifically for this home. If so,the dia- a registered engineer or gram or tags take precedence over the directions provided in this manual. registered architect must Create a sketch of the home that includes the exterior walls,the frame 1-beams and the determine the maximum marriage Iine(s), if a multi-section home.The sketch will be used in this chapter to lo- marriage wall opening cate each support, and note the size of the corresponding footing. Figure 7 is an ex- permitted without pier or ample of such a support plan. other supports. Shearwal Pier Perinetbdcng Piers Figure 7. Example of sup- Brs Door Piers port plan (If Required) I$eam Frame > 2 D 03 O M arriag a wa I P ie rs = O ic Frame Piers N Z 0 1$eam Frame N D r r 4 % \—Porch Post Piers Perimeter Q Bbdcng Z Piers 3 Door Piers (If Required) D Z C As the location and load for each support is determined, note it on the sketch.When D r selecting locations for supports, keep in mind that increasing the spacing between sup- 9/22/08 Palm Harbor Homes, Inc. 17 FootingsInstall O , Conforms to HUD MHCss ports will increase the load on that support and the size of the required footing. 10/20/08 DETERMINE LOCATIONS Point loads exist where a bearing/structural weight is concentrated and transferred to the foundation at a specific point. Locate a support under each point load, including the following examples: • Exterior doors on side walls at both sides of each door(blocking is not re- quired at exterior doors on non-bearing end walls). • Other exterior wall openings four feet and greater at both sides of each open- ing(including multiple windows that total four feet wide or more without inter- mediate supports,even if individual windows are less than four feet). • Marriage line openings four feet or greater at both sides of each opening (where marriage line openings are greater than 10 feet,intermediate supports must be placed at maximum 10 feet on center). • Locations where through-the-rim crossover ducts penetrate the rim joist at the marriage line(unless otherwise noted in supplemental documents provided with the home or unless the home is constructed with a perimeter frame sys- tem). • Marriage line columns. • Load-bearing porch posts. • Under heavy(400 Ibs or greater)items,such as heavy furniture,waterbeds, fireplaces and large fish tanks when located outboard of the home's main(- beams. Mark the required point load support locations on the sketch.Supports are not required where the manufacturer has reinforced the floor(such as with additional outriggers or floor joists)and so noted in the documentation provided with the home. Figure 8 and Figure 9 identify typical point load support locations. Figure 8. Typical point-load ShearwaI Pier Door Piers support locations I$eam Frame J M ardag a Wa I Piers Q M Z Q Z 0 o Q J J Q t— lA oroh Post Piers Z WDoor Piers 2 0 W 0 Cal Q J a a Palm Harbor Homes, Inc. 9/22/08 18 PFS#aInstall Footings Conforms to HUD MHCSS 10/20/08 Door or Opening Less Combined Span(A+Bj Figure 9. Typical point-load Than 48 in.in Width support locations along the Ridge Beam marriage line Wall more Column Post or •a than 16 in.in Wall,Less Than 16 itl■1�110 Wdth in.in Width! B r� SpanD Span a SpanA ��- b • Main + # I-Beam Grade + •��',,;� 4jJAL Footing Footing Sized for Single Footing Sized for Span Footing Sized Footing do Sized for Spans C and D B or C for Span A+B Sized for Span respectively. [Note:if SpanA #I /y;��' ••'' �► Will is Less Than 16 in, �'y jj''�� in Width,Use Combined , E)O �4 Span C+D vrith a Single �' i 1 Pier] The Installation Manual CALCULATE LOADS shipped with the home Use Table 5 to determine the loads on point-load supports. For each support,find the should include a layout with columns with the appropriate roof load zone and section width. Find the row(s)corre- point load locations and total sponding to the span. See Figure 9 for guidance on determining spans.The loads in loads. Use Table 5 only the"M"-column are for one section only!When support(s)exist on the opposite section when a model specific layout in the same location,add the respective loads from each section together to arrive at is not available. the total load under that point. The number in the columns under the"M"and"P"headings are the loads for supports along the marriage line and perimeter respectively(point loads in the center of a sec- tion, i.e. not along a marriage line or perimeter wall, require the load in the"P"column). Interpolation for openings between those shown in the table is permitted. Note the required loads next to each point load support on the sketch. TABLE 5. LOAD ON POINT-LOAD FOOTINGS Roof load zone and maximum section width ©0©0©0©0©0©0©0©0© 3 466 566 546 646 620 720 622 766 728 868 826 966 777 957 911 1091 1033 1213 SD 816 1016 956 1156 1085 1285 1089 1369 1275 1555 1446 1726 1361 1721 1594 1954 1808 2168 ® 1166 1466 1366 1666 1550 1850 1555 1975 1822 2242 2066 2486 1944 2484 2277 2817 2583 3123 W O 1516 1916 1776 2176 2015 2415 2022 2582 2368 2928 2686 3246 2527 3247 2961 3681 3358 4078 X 2 m 1866 2366 2186 2686 2480 2980 2489 3189 2915 3615 3306 4006 3111 4011 3644 4544 4133 5033 O E 2216 2816 2596 3196 2945 3545 2955 3795 3462 4302 3926 4766 3694 4774 4327 5407 4908 5988 m M=Marriage line, P=Perimeter N Z N Determine from •. plater r • •- blocking.• • • • •• • > 10, If perimeter blocking • required, •• to STEP 2, DESIGN O FRAME SUPPORTS (Homes Without Perimeter Blocking), (p. 20). Z If perimeter blocking -• -• •• to STEP 3, DESIGN FRAME D AND PERIMETER C SUPPORTS • • • • 1 D r 9/22/08 Palm Harbor Homes, Inc. 19 . . jr.P,FSo.5# Conforms to HUD MHCSS 10/20/08 STEP 2. DESIGN FRAME SUPPORTS (Homes Without Pe- rimeter Blocking) DETERMINE LOCATIONS i // All homes require regularly spaced supports along all main frame I-beams. Select spacing between supports and sketch them on the support plan. Keep in mind that Spacing frame supports. frame supports under homes with 8"deep I-beams may be no more than eight feet There must be a support apart.Those under homes with 10"or 12"deep I-beams may be no more than 10 feet located near the end of apart.Generally,greater distances between supports will require larger footings. each I-beam such that there is no more than 12 Figure 10 shows typical frame support locations. inches of beam past the edge of the support. Figure 10. Typical support Shearwall Pier Door Piers locations for homes not re- I-Beam Frame quiring regularly spaced pe- Members rimeter supports • Frame Piers tt.i111111I�►�*� _-age Wall Piers �, • ••: Frame Piers r. ; NO a^.I ■ aw � { t f*i or 1-Beam Frame E`7 El El El dop of '.. ,�n,� - • ice Porch Post Piers 24.max to 1st pier Door Piers Typical CALCULATE LOADS Use Table 6 to determine the loads on frame supports. Find the column with the ap- propriate roof load zone and section width. Find the row corresponding to the selected a support spacing.The number in the intersecting cell is the load. Z Loads on all frame supports can be assumed to be equal if support spacing is equal. However, if different support spacings are used then each support with a different Z spacing should be calculated separately. O Note the location and load required of each support on the sketch. a TABLE 6. LOAD ON FRAME SUPPORTS FOR HOMES NOT REQUIRING PERIMETER BLOCKING Z r r r . O m 2410 2690 2960 2700 3000 3330 = m 3500 3920 4360 3930 4390 4885 PERIMET QUBRED LOCKING RE- O - 4600 5155 5740 5170 5780 6440 m Spans shown underlinded apply only when data plate indicates a "NO PERIMETER BLOCKING REQUIRED" 10- •• to STEP 4. SELECT FOOTING • a a Palm Harbor Homes, Inc. 9/22/08 20 PFS#°5 FootingsInstall '00 Conforms to HUD MHCSS 10/20/08 STEP 3. DESIGN FRAME AND PERIMETER SUPPORTS (Homes With Perimeter Blocking) DETERMINE LOCATIONS Depending on design and location, some homes require regularly spaced perimeter supports along all of the sidewalls and marriage walls in addition to frame supports. This will be indicated on the data plate and/or documents included with the home. Spacing frame supports. If required, perimeter supports are only needed on bearing walls.Bearing walls are There must be a support those walls that support the ends of roof trusses or rafters(typically sidewalls and mar- located near the end of riage walls but not end walls of main units or sidewalls of tag units). each I-beam such that there is no more than 12 To minimize the number of required perimeter supports, space them evenly between inches of beam past the point load supports as shown in Figure 11 and Figure 12(but not under spans).These edge of the support. figures identify typical support locations for homes requiring perimeter supports. Perimeter piers are in addition to piers added at column supports and large sidewall openings. In addition, the piers under the columns and sidewall openings must include the load determined for the adjacent perimeter piers. (I.e.:add%the load deter- mined from Table 7 to the load determined for the point loads from Table 5) Shearwall Pier Perimeter Figure 11. Typical support Blocking Piers Door Piers locations for homes requiring I-Beam Frame perimeter supports Marriage Wall Piers Frame Piers or I-Beam Frame Porch Post Piers Perimeter Blocking Piers D 24"max to 1st pier r Door Piers Typical ic Door or Opening Less Figure 12. Typical marriage > Than 48 in.in Width Combined Span(A+B) line support locations for W homes requiring perimeter 0 Ridge Beam X supports = C o lumn Post or Q Wall,Less Than 16 in.in Width m SpanC n SpanA to_ Z D r Main D I-Beam Grade Marriage Footing Marriage Footing Footg Marriage Footing Z line supports Sized for line suppon Sized for Sized for line support Sized for Span Span Span A+B Span D Z C CALCULATE LOADS D Use Table 7 to determine the loads on frame and perimeter supports for homes requir- ing perimeter blocking. Find the column with the appropriate roof load (Table 3)and 9/22/08 Palm Harbor Homes, Inc. 21 FootingsInstall ----- ---- -_. -Conforms_tn-- HUD MHCSS section width. Find the group of rows corresponding to the selected support spacing. �� J,#)P/zoios The values in the intersecting cells are the loads for the frame, perimeter,and marriage ..• E,� line supports respectively. Loads on supports of a given type(frame,perimeter,or marriage)can be assumed to be equal if support spacing is equal. However, if different support spacings are usedO .- ,. then each support with a different spacing should be calculated separately. ''° ` '� • Note the location and load required of each support on the sketch. TABLE 7. LOAD ON FRAME AND PERIMETER SUPPORTS FOR HOMES REQUIRING P 1 - r South 0 . i i ®®®®®®®® 14 ft_LLft M 965 1060 1150 965 1060 1150 965 1060 1150 1190 1360 1550 1475 1670 1900 1760 1985 2250 2055 2475 2860 2520 3020 3480 2990 3570 4100 1450 1585 1715 1450 1585 1715 1450 1585 1715 111M Mill 1780 2035 2325 2210 2505 2850 2640 2975 3375 3080 3710 4290 3780 4530 5220 4480 5350 6150 011111 1925 2115 2285 1925 2115 2285 1925 2115 2285 2375 2715 3100 2950 3340 3800 3520 3970 4500 4110 4950 5720 5040 6040 6960 5975 7135 8200 2405 2645 2860 2405 2645 2860 2405 2645 2860 SEE 8FT ROW SEE 8FT ROW SEE 8FT ROW Marriage STEP 4. SELECT FOOTING MATERIAL Select one of the products and materials from Table 8 for the footings. I TABLE 8. FOOTING MATERIALS AppropriateMaterial Minimum 6"thick poured-in-place concrete pads,slabs,or ribbons with at least a 28 J Poured concrete All soil types day compressive strength of 3,000 psi.Cast-in-place concrete footings may also Q require reinforcing steel based on acceptable engineering practice,the design loads,and site specific soil conditions. Z Minimum 4"thick nominal precast concrete pads meeting or exceeding ASTM C Q Pre-cast concrete All soil types 90-02a,Standard Specification for Load Bearing Concrete Masonry Units,without Z reinforcement,with at least a 28-day compressive strength of 2,500 psi. _0 Use in accordance with the pad manufacturer's instructions.Must be certified for f- ABS plastic Stable soils use in the soil classification at the site,listed and labeled for the required load ca- pacity. J Consult system manufac- Proprietary systems turer Consult system manufacturer. N Z W Will footingsbeconcrete? p •• to STEP 5, SIZE FOOTING, • x 00- NO, see footing system manufacturer's instructions. For on-grade 0 footings, the ground moisture barrier may be installed now—see m Complete • Work, ' • • / // Q' _ Q • " toSet the Home • 29). Frost protection.When se- lecting footing materials, Q bear in mind the need for STEP 5. SIZE FOOTINGS frost protection. Not all foot- Once the load on the footing and the soil-bearing capacity are known,calculate the ing materials are suitable Palm Harbor Homes, Inc. 9/22/08 22 S#05 Install Footings V0. 4n{9_rJng HUD MHCSS size of each footing as follows: 10/20/08 1. From Table 9 determine if the pier is to be of single-stack blocks(8 inch x16 for freezing climates. inch)or double-stack blocks(16 inch x 16 inch)pier. 2. Locate the group of rows in Table 10 with the soil-bearing capacity deter- mined in Prepare the Site,STEP 5. DETERMINE SOIL-BEARING CAPAC- ITY AND FROST LINE(p. 14). Use the next lowest value if the exact value does not appear. 3. Read across the table to determine the minimum required footing area and the minimum footing thickness for the corresponding footing type(single or double-stacked blocks). 4. The required footing size may be changed by selecting another support spac- ing(Table 6 or Table 7). TABLE 9. PIER CONFIGURATION Pier loca- Height Configuration Maximum Less than 36 in(except corner Single-stack blocks with long side 8,000 lbs. piers more than 3 blocks high) perpendicular to I-beam Between 36 in and 67 in and cor- Double,interlocked blocks 16,000 lbs. ner piers over 3 blocks high Over 67 in Double,interlocked blocks 16,000 lbs. 54 in or less Single-stack blocks with long side 8,000 lbs. parallel to perimeter rail(rim joist) 54 in or less Single-stack blocks with long side 8,000 lbs. perpendicular to the marriage line dP Na- 2"F _ do 64 Do X O E m z n r r D -i O z 3 D z c D r 9/22/08 Palm Harbor Homes, Inc. - ---- -.. - -- - 23 FootingsInstall PFF>#05 ----- -- - MS HUD MHCSS TABLE 10. FOOTING DIMENSIONS 1enei08 I%P�m R . . 256 16 X 16 6 600 6 N;A 324 18 X 18 6 800 6 N/A 400 20 X 20 6 1030 6 580 576 24 X 24 6 1550 6 1100 900 30 X 30 6 2500 6 2050 1296 36 X36 6 3675 6 3225 256 16 X16 6 1490 6 1045 324 18 X18 6 1930 6 1480 400 20 X20 6 2420 6 1970 1000 576 24 X 24 6 3550 6 3100 900 30 X 30 6 5630 6 5180 1296 36 X36 7 8060 6 7725 256 16 X16 6 2380 6 1930 324 18 X18 6 3055 6 2600 1500 400 20 X 20 6 3810 6 3360 576 24 X 24 6 5550 6 5100 900 30 X 30 7 8680 6 8300 1296 36 X36 8 12450 6 12100 256 16 X16 6 3270 6 2820 324 18 X 18 6 4180 6 3730 400 20 X 20 6 5200 6 4750 2000 576 24 X24 6 7550 6 7100 900 30 X30 8 11725 6 11400 1296 36 X36 10 16725 7 16600 256 16 X16 6 4160 6 3710 J 324 18 X18 6 5300 6 4850 Q 400 20 X20 6 6600 6 6130 D 2500 Z 576 24 X 24 6 9550 6 9100 Q 900 30 X 30 8 14850 6 14550 Z 1296 36 X36 11 21110 8 21000 O Q 256 16 X16 6 6830 6 6380 -J 324 18 X 18 6 , 8680 6 8230 J 400 20 X 20 6 10760 6 10300 U) Z 576 24 X 24 8 15450 6 15100 900 30 X 30 11 23990 7 23850 W 1296 36 X36 13 34390 10 34275 = Note:The capacity values listed have been reduced by the dead load of the concrete footing and pier. 'kill,1!1 110t 0 Design footings to comply with the following additional requirements: B A r, m aDesign each footing at least slightly larger than the base of the pier it sup- _ Qports. 1% _ a To keep footings directly under I-beams and other support points, size them # , ^�IT slightly larger than the minimum required area to allow slight adjustment of �' �L' .+�h��t� Q the pier location during home installation. 0# J s. rEv.V Y4►4ar s s a Design footings with a footing extension(projection beyond the base of the f Palm Harbor Homes, Inc. s� '••.*..,.•� ARFS#°5 CInstall Footings onforms to HUD-MU 10/20/08 pier)no greater than the footing thickness(Figure 13). Increase footing thick- ness if necessary. Figure 13. Maximum footing extensions 16'Block 4' 6' 24' Footing Extends Extends By More 16' 16' NO YESBy Its Thickness NO Than Its Thickness 24' 16' Or Less YES a\ Split Footing Extends Split Footing Extends YES Less Than One Thin? NO More Than One Thins Its Width Its Width • The footing sizes shown are for square pads and are based on the surface area(square inches). Design non-square footings such that the area and depth is equal to or greater than the area and depth of the square footing shown in Table 10,and the distance from the edge of the pier to the edge of the footing is not more than the thickness of the footing. • For four-inch thick unreinforced precast concrete footings, use the minimum footing size for the six-inch cast-in-place footing from Table 10. • Single stack(dry-stack)pier maximum capacity is 8000 lbs.Double stacked pier maximum capacity is 16000 lbs.Piers with loads exceeding those capaci- ties must be designed by a registered professional enqineer. STEP 6. INSTALL FOOTINGS Construct the footings as follows: • Maintain the distance between adjacent piers to within 10%of the tabulated / • // spacing and so the average distance between any adjacent spans is equal to Placing Concrete anchors. or less than the tabulated spacing. If anchors will be placed in • Whenever possible, place point load supports directly under the required lo- concrete,follow instructions cations. If plumbing,electrical, mechanical equipment interferes, place sup- in Install Stabilizing Sys- D ports no more than 6 inches in either direction of the support point. tem(p.60)to determine r • Recess perimeter blocking supports and perimeter point load supports no anchor layout. Either place more than 10 inches from the edge of the floor with added support as shown anchors immediately after the in Figure 14. the concrete has been ;13 poured or drill them in after 03 the concrete has set. 0 4x4Or2-2x4'S On Edge(Nailed Figure 14.Perimeter sup- 2 Together)Spanning Minimum ports 0 Exterior Wall Floor Joists E m z Floor Rim Plate Typical r Floor Joist 1— D Pier Q Pier Z ic Z C D 10"Max Setback r From Edge Of Floor 9/22/08 Palm Harbor Homes, Inc. 25 . . PF05 S#ED Conforms to 10/20 08 • If footings are rectangular,orient them so that the long side is perpendicular to the home's I-beam. • Place the bottom of footings on undisturbed soil or fill compacted to at least 90%of its maximum relative density. Excavation. If • In freezing climates protect footings from the effects of frost heave in accor- excavation is required, mark dance with any LAW requirements(see Prepare the Site, p. 12). Place the the footing locations on the bottom of the footings below the frost line(insulated foundations and mono- ground with stakes before lithic slabs are other frost protection options not covered in this manual). beginning to dig. • Make sure the top surface of the footing is level,flat,and smooth. • In accordance with the American Concrete Institute publication ACI-308, maintain curing measures before construction or installation onto the concrete footing begins,until a minimum of 70%of the specified 28-day compressive strength has been achieved.The ACI recommended time to attain this level of strength is seven days for ASTM C150 Type 1 mixtures and 10 days for Type II mixtures. Full design live and dead loads may not be applied until the 28- day duration has elapsed for achieving full strength. •• to Set the Home • • J Q Z Q Z O H Q J J Q F- fn Z N W 2 O fY O CO Q x J Q a Palm Harbor Homes, Inc. 9/22/08 26 P&X2R#05 Construct Conforms to Construct Foundation HU 1 0/20/0820/08 S (FOR HOMES WITH LOAD-BEARING PERIMETER WALL) This chapter provides guidelines and recommendations for the design and construction of a basement or crawlspace foundation using a load-bearing perimeter wall.A load-bearing perimeter wall foundation system uses a wall along the outer edge of the home to support the home's outside walls.This perimeter support works with interior supports such as piers,columns, and cross beams that support the home's frame and,if multi-section, marriage line. Follow the Steps . • V STEP 1. OBTAIN A FOUNDATION DESIGN (p. 27) STEP 2. EXCAVATE (p. 27) STEP 3. CONSTRUCT THE FOOTING OR SLAB (p. 27) STEP 4.CONSTRUCT THE PERIMETER WALL(p.27) STEP 5. INSTALL INTERIOR SUPPORTS (p. 28) STEP 6.WATERPROOF FOUNDATION WALL(p. 28) STEP 7. BACKFILL AND GRADE (p. 28) STEP 1. OBTAIN A FOUNDATION DESIGN If a load-bearing perimeter wall foundation design has not been provided by the home / manufacturer, it is the responsibility of the retailer and/or home owner to provide a de- sign approved by an engineer or architect, licensed in the state where the home will be installed.The approved design must comply with the LAHJ regulations for foundation Using engineered designs. in- design,waterproofing,and drainage,and the following: This section is NOT tended to provide a com- • The foundation perimeter bearing wall must be supported with a concrete slab plete design for a buildable or continuous strip footing around the perimeter of the home. Interior piers foundation. A complete must be supported by a slab or footings. If footings are used under interior design must be obtained piers,they may be designed as in Prepare Footings, p. 17. that is suitable for the local • Slabs must extend to the edges of the home. area and sealed by a pro- fessional• Footings and slabs must be protected from the effects of frost heave by ex- trearchitect, engineer ored in tending the footings to or below the frost line or by using a frost protected th ed architect, licensed in the state. shallow foundation design. D Foundation ready home. > STEP 2. EXCAVATE Make sure that homes to W be installed on a basement O Excavate for the foundation, properly disposing of the earth that is not needed for or a crawlspace have been ;0 backfill or site grading purposes. ordered with a recessed 0 frame or as foundation- ic STEP 3. CONSTRUCT THE FOOTINGS OR SLAB ready,where the frame is M Construct the foundation according to the approved design, including the perimeter designed to avoid interfer- to foundation wall,drainage system,footing(s),and/or slab. ence with the foundation wall. D STEP 4. CONSTRUCT THE PERIMETER WALL Checking the water table. r Unless the approved design requires otherwise,construct the perimeter wall with mor- For basements,check for a > tared and reinforced concrete blocks or reinforced poured-in-place concrete. Install re- high water table.The water inforcement according to the approved design or LAHJ. Install ventilation and access table may vary seasonally Z openings according to the approved design,or if not specified, according to the re- or based on weather condi- 3 quirements in Complete Under the Home,STEP 3 INSTALL SKIRTING(p. 95). tions.A geologist can per- D form an algae test to de- C When constructing pockets for an H-beam system, measure the beam depth and lo- termine the water table y sate the pockets carefully. It is critical that when the home's frame rests on top of the level.The foundation de- r H-beam,the perimeter of the floor rests squarely on the foundation wall sill plate sign must account for a 9/22/08 Palm Harbor Homes, Inc. 27 Construct �HUDMHICSSS #°5 • • . (Figure 15). Leave room for a two-inch nominal, pressure treated wood spacer on top high water table. 10/20/08 of the wall pockets(to prevent corrosion,the steel beams must not be in direct contact Level the wall. Make sure with concrete). Leave at least one inch for thermal expansion at the ends of the beams the foundation is level and and maintain a minimum of two inches of bearing area for the beams in the pockets straight with no more than a (yielding a minimum pocket depth of three inches). 1/4 inch vertical variation j Bolt a pressure treated wood sill plate(minimum 2 x 6)to the top of the foundation over the entire foundation wall. If the home's siding cannot be nailed through, use a 2 x 10 sill plate that extends and no more than 1/8 inch into the foundation 1-1/4 inches(Figure 16).The home can then be connected to the vertical variation over any foundation by fastening the sill plate into the floor joists from below.Connect the home two-foot length. to the foundation according to the approved design. Recess nuts into the sill plate and Check for Plates.When us- cut off the ends of bolts so they do not project above the sill plate and interfere with the ing an H-beam system, placement of the home. check and compensate for reinforcement plates that add thickness to the chas- sis beam at axle locations. Figure 15. H-beam installa- tion Floar FborJoist Figure 16. Connection using Pressve 2 x 10 sill plate Treated Chassis Sill Plate Main I-Bearn 2 x 10 a_ s•Rate TransJPWe . H bea Fastener Limits of exca- - - d vation.When a crane will Trea8 x 8 x 1G'rxh be used, excavate no more cent ete0b Foundatim than two feet outside the Wall <. foundation perimeter. Un- excavated ground will pro- STEP 5. INSTALL INTERIOR SUPPORTS vide a more stable base for the crane. Install piers,columns and H-beams to support the interior of the home according to the approved design. Footing heights. Pour foot- ings to a height that will re- STEP 6. DAMP PROOF FOUNDATION WALL duce the need to cut blocks or shim when building peri- Damp-proof the foundation wall no less than up to the height of the planned backfill. meter walls and piers. _J Is this a basement foundation? •• to Set the Home, • • • Q • •• to • Backfilling. Backfill against 2 basement walls only after Z the home is connected to 0 STEP 7. BACKFILL AND GRADE the foundation or the QBackfill against the foundation wall to the height of the damp proofing.Take care to not basement walls may deflect J damage the drainage system. Grade the fill as per Prepare the Site(p. 12). inward or collapse. J Does the approved foundation design call for ground anchors? N Z 1111, YES, •• to Install Stabilizing • 61 (0 2 O O m Q J Q a Palm Harbor Homes, Inc. 9/22/08 28 #05 Set the Home Conforms to Set the Home HU MHCSS 10/20/0820/08 This chapter describes the process of installing the first section of the home(for single section homes this is the only sec- tion)onto the foundation. Follow the Steps • - • STEP 1. PREPARE FOR SET(p.29) STEP 2.POSITION HOME SECTION(p.29) STEP 3. LIFT HOME(p.29) STEP 4.CONSTRUCT PIERS(p.31) STEP 1. PREPARE FOR SET Before beginning the home set, complete the following: • Confirm that the site is properly cleared and graded (see Prepare the Site, p. 12. Clearances under the • Ensure that the footings are in place and properly located. home.After the home is • Install any utilities that will be difficult to install (e.g.those below grade be- leveled,the resulting dis- neath the home)after the home is in place. tance between the bottom of the entire chassis main • Secure or remove from the home and properly store all ship loose items(refer frame beam and the to shipping documents for items shipped with the home). ground must be no less • Inspect the home interior,exterior and all provided materials,appliances,and than 12 inches. equipment. Immediately report any damage or shortages to the manufacturer. Utilize proper cribbing. • The ground moisture retarder may be installed now or after the home is com- Manufactured homes plete. See Complete Exterior Work,STEP 2.INSTALL GROUND MOIS- weigh several tons. No TURE RETARDER(p. 94)for requirement and then return here. one should be under the home(whether it is mov- For perimeter bearing wall foundations: ing or stationary)unless • Check that the length and width of the home match with the foundation walls. proper cribbing is in place (Figure 17). Failure to util- • Check that the two main diagonal measurements of the foundation are equal. ize proper cribbing may • Check that the foundation walls and other support points are within 1/4 inch of result in serious injury or y level overall and within 1/8 inch of level within any four foot distance. death. r- 3 • For multi-section homes,check that each pair of diagonal measurements for = each portion of the foundation corresponding to a home section are equal. > • For multi-section homes,find the electrical bonding lugs on the front or rear 03 outriggers. Reverse them to the inside of the outrigger using star washers so 0 they will be accessible after the home is placed on the foundation walls. _ • If using an H-beam system, remove the frame's shackle hanger if it will inter Leveling during 0 fere with proper placement of the beam. jacking. Keep the home's m floor as level as possible N STEP 2. POSITION HOME SECTION during jacking.Twisting or Z Position the home section in its final location (if possible, move the heaviest section of warping the floor can dam- age the structure and finish- D the home into place first).Then place materials needed to construct support piers near r- their final locations under the home as determined in Prepare Footings,(p. 17). ing. Use as many jacks as r necessary to keep the floor > flat and level. STEP 3. LIFT HOME Z There are three primary methods available to place the home on the foundation:jack- 3 ing, rolling and craning. Jacks,often with roller systems,are typically used for pier and anchor foundations; roller systems are commonly used for crawlspace foundations with Z load-bearing perimeter walls; and cranes are most commonly used for basement foun- D dations. r 9/22/08 Palm Harbor Homes, Inc. ------ - 29 Set the Home #05 Conforms to JACKS HUD MHCSS If jacks are to be used,comply with all jacking safety precautions and the procedure 10/20/08 below. Lifting the home with jacks involves potential risks and must be done with ut- most care and caution. Failure to follow jacking warnings and procedures may result in serious injury or death. Please read the Jacking Safety Precautions before lifting the home with jacks. PRECAUTIONSJACKING SAFETY • No one should be under the home's I-beams while the jacks are being oper- ated or while the home is supported only on the jacks. • Use jacks only for raising the home. Do not rely on the jacks to support the home. • If possible, raise the home only on one side so that the other side is in contact with the ground. Leave the hitch connected to the vehicle or other stabilizing equipment. • Obey all OSHA regulations. • Make sure adequate safety cribbing(Figure 17)is in place whenever the home is placed on jacks. • Use a minimum of two commercial quality jacks,each with a rating of at least 12 tons. • Jack only on the main chassis I-beam,centering jacks directly under the beam. • Do not jack on a seam (joint between flanges of twin 1-beams). • To distribute the concentrated loads from jacks to I-beam, place a minimum 3/8-inch thick steel plate,a C-channel, a 1 Yz-inch thick hardwood block or a commercial jacking plate, between the main chassis I-beam and the jack head. • Locate the jack base on firm ground. Never jack on freshly disturbed soil or where an underground sewer pipe may be located. • Use a firm support under the jack base to prevent tipping or settling of the jack. A minimum 16"x 16"or larger wood or rigid fiberglass pad is recommended. Never use concrete blocks as a support for a jack. Follow the jacking sequence outlined below to avoid overstressing structural members: 1. Block wheels.Block the wheels so the house does not roll. 2. Install cribbing. Install safety cribbing(Figure 17). J — — — Figure 17.Stack 4"x 6"by 5' Q - ___ — �' —' long timbers as shown to form safety timbers. Place safety Z Q timbers under home behind 2 I axle area and under hitch. Z O J J 3. Level lengthwise.Locate one jack at the hitch and level the section length- wise(such that the front and rear of the section are at the same height). Z 4. Locate frame jacks. Place a minimum of one jack just forward of the first rn spring hanger and another just behind the last spring hanger of the I-beam on w g the side of the home that is lowest(making sure not to place jacks where the O piers will go). Place jacks no more than 20 feet apart and no more than 20 feet from each end of the I-beam. O 5. Lift the home.Operating the jacks simultaneously(or sequentially in very m small increments), lift the home section until it is slightly higher than the final Q desired pier height. ROLLER SYSTEMS J When using a roller system,comply with the equipment manufacturer's directions and athe following sequence: Palm Harbor Homes, Inc. 9122/08 30 Home I Set the PFS1. Establish staging area. Establish a staging area directly adjacent to one or #05 both sides of the foundation. Conforms to 2. Setup rollers.Set up the roller system according to the equipment manufac- HUD MHCss turer's directions. 10/20/08 3. Fasten bump blocks.Temporarily fasten wooden bump blocks on the sill plates at the ends of the foundation to stop the home from rolling at the de- sired location. 4. Roll home. Roll the home into place over the foundation. 5. Remove bump blocks. Remove the blocks before installing the next section of a multi-section home. CRANES When using a crane,follow these guidelines: • Position the home section(s)and crane(taking the boom reach into consid- eration)such that they do not have to be repositioned during the set. • Use enough properly sized straps to maintain balance of the home and to prevent damage to the structure. • Place straps under walls or posts, including temporary posts used to support the opening. Do not position lifting straps under marriage wall openings. • Use a properly sized spreader bar to maintain a vertical lift,to avoid placing compression forces on the eaves and to reduce any tendency to slip. • Connect a rope to at least one point on the home so it can be controlled while aloft. • Make provisions to retrieve the straps/cables after the home is set. If using a cradle system, notch the sill plate where the straps will fall. For a sling sys- tem, notch and reinforce the home's rim joist to keep the strap from slipping and allow the strap to be removed after the home is set. • Always set the home section farthest from the crane first so that subsequent section(s)need not be lifted over previously set sections. Have the interior foundation supports already been designed and installed as part of an approved load-bearing perimeter wall foundation? 1110� YES, go to Complete Multi-Section Set, (p. 35) or go to Connect • for • - section homes. 00- • •• to • M D r STEP 4. CONSTRUCT PIERS = For the side of the home section that is up on jacks, place piers on footings or pads fol- D lowing the home manufacturer's blocking plan(or tags). If no plan was provided, use i pip the support plan developed in Install Footings(p. 17).Start at one end of the home O section and work toward the other noting the required pier material specifications and Designing piers. Incorrect X procedure described below. size, location or spacing of � piers may result in serious Construct piers so as to provide a stable foundation for the home using materials listed structural damage to the M in the specifications box below and based on the location of the pier and its height as home. Install piers at all re- measured from the top of the footing or pad to the top of the cap.See Table 12 for pier quired locations. Failure to do construction requirements. so may lead to sagging -i floors,walls,and roofs,and r could void the home's war- r ranty. > O z D z c a r 9/22/08 Palm Harbor Homes, Inc. 31 Set the Home #o5 T4j cepra�,,,� HUD MHCSS 10/20/08 TABLE 11. PIER MATERIAL MINIMUM SPECIFICATIONS Nominal dimensions of at least 8"x 8"x 16";minimum load 8,000 Ibs;confirming to ASTM designation C90,grade N. Solid masonry(nominal 4"x 8"x 16"pre-cast concrete without reinforcement);pressure treated lumber (nominal 2"x 8"x 16");or steel(minimum 1/2"thick,corrosion protected by a min.of a 10 mil coating of an exterior paint or equivalent). Nominal 2"thick boards. Hardwood,minimum 4"width by minimum 6"length by maximum 1"thick(nominal);plastic must be listed with maximum load capacity;used in pairs. Available in various sizes stamped with maximum load capacity and listed or labeled for the required verti- cal load capacity,and where required by design,for the appropriate horizontal load capacity.Metal or cast concrete piers other manufactured piers must be provided with protection against weather deterioration and corrosion at least equivalent to that provided by a coating of zinc on steel of.30 oz per sq.ft of surface coated. Pressure treated wood With a water borne preservative,in accordance with AWPA Standard U1-04 for Use Category 413 ground contact applications. TABLE 12. PIER CONSTRUCTION Configurati.n M axi...offset Mortar and reinforce- top to bottom ment Less than 36 in(except Single-stack blocks with long corner piers more than 3 side perpendicular to I-beam 8,000 lbs. Not required blocks high) Between 36 in and 67 in 1"('/2"up to 36" and corner piers over 3 Double,interlocked blocks high) 16,000 lbs. Not required blocks high Over 67 in Designed by a registered engineer or registered architect- Single-stack blocks with long +/2"up to 36"high, 54 in or less' side parallel to perimeter rail 1"over 36"high 8,000 lbs. Not required (rim joist) Single-stack blocks with long ,/3"up to 36"high, 54 in or less` side perpendicular to the 1"over 36"high 8,000 lbs. Not required marriage line 'Construct perimeter and marriage line piers over 54 inches according to the requirements for frame piers of the same height. 1. Prepare footing surface.Make sure the footing surface upon which the pier sits is flat and smooth. Before placing the pier on the footing,clean dirt, rocks, Q or other material off the surface of the footing. For cast-in-place concrete foot- for ings, if the footing surface is uneven, create a level,flat surface by placing a % Qtreated board on the footing and mortaring on the first block(or manufactured `•_ pier base),or by placing the first block(or manufactured pier base)on a layer Z of premix dry sand mortar. ;" � • O 2. Stack blocks.Stack concrete blocks with their hollow cells aligned vertically. Q When piers are constructed of blocks stacked side-by-side,orient each layer Qat right angles to the previous one(Figure 18)and plan blocks so that split * Pi C? CV # � F, caps will be perpendicular to the blocks they rest on and to the I-beam. ., ZLU ems► "� fx +`� ' ♦ $ _ l IX O m Q x 2 J Q a Palm Harbor Homes, Inc. 9/22/08 32 #os • —Pei Conforms to HUD MHCSS ionoios Figure 18. Frame pier con- struction Main I-Beam Wood Shins to F1 Gaps Up to 1'Max Main I-Beam Wood Shins to Fill Optional 2x(2)pacer �� Gaps Up to 1'Max (1)2x12 Spacer �O I optionaIN6 4,8,16 Conant.Cap •• #��f Spacer Typical 8x8x16 y 4x8x16KOx1Concrete � • Cap or 2z 8x 16 P.T. Concrete Block or F4 idvood Cap o lob Z+ + i ; Typcal8x8x16 PRO�,.A;;__....�eir fi Concrete Block V 6s* i 4 +� Typical Footing �• 'o■t l: j•t' 4�' Typical F tigi+#4i;1JC• �% �E)0t 3. Cap piers. Place a cap on hollow block piers to evenly distribute the structural load. Use caps the same length and width as the piers they rest upon.When using split caps on double-stacked block piers, install the caps with the long dimension perpendicular to the joint in the blocks below and to the main (- beam. Curing time of mortar. Where wet mortar is used to 4. Install shims. Use shims to level the home and fill any gaps between the construct or level piers,al- base of the I-beam and the top of the pier cap.Always use shims in pairs low it to cure to at least 80% (Figure 19). Drive them in tightly so they do not occupy more than one inch of of strength capacity(usually vertical space.When the space to be shimmed is greater than one inch and requiring 96 hours)before less than the minimum thickness of available caps or concrete blocks, use setting the home. hardwood dimensional lumber(two inches maximum thickness)or 2"or 4" thick concrete block. For split caps, install shims and dimensional lum- ber/blocks over each individual cap. Figure 19. Correct shim D I-Beam placement > 3 Shims D lA SpacerJ Dimensions of O Cap masonry perimeter walls. M = If using a masonry perimeter O enclosure,calculate pier 9 heights so that the enclo- m sure can be built using stan- Z dard unit dimensions(with- out cutting). D r 5. Set up level.Set up a water level with the fluid level at the desired height of D the main piers. Carefully lower the side of the section down onto the leveled -i piers, adjusting the final height with shims. O Z USING A WATER LEVEL D A water level is a standard device for leveling the home.The level Z consists of the following components: &F +*V /� DOne container(five gallon bucket or one gallon jug). r • 150 feet of 1/2 inch diameter plastic tubing. Level the home.The home is adequately leveled if there is .......--------- -- - --------- 9/22/08 Palm Harbor Homes, Inc. 33 Set the Home #o5 - -- oufos HUD MHCSS • Fittings for container to tubing. 10/20/08 no more than 1/4 inch differ- Valve for terminal end of tubing. ence between adjacent pier supports(frame or perime- Liquid for system: colored water in warm climates,windshield ter)and the exterior doors washing fluid in cold climates. and windows of the home do not bind and can be properly �tiaa operated. -------=-- -- - — — Water level operation.To operate the water level P� properly, both ends of the system must be open to the atmosphere and there must be approximately the same amount of fluid in the tubing at all times(within a few inches). How to use a water level a. Position level. Position the level such that it can reach all piers. b. Place container. Place the container so that the fluid in the con- tainer is at the same level as the desired level of the top of the supports under the home, allowing for any bracing below the level of the 1-beams. c. Uncoil tubing. Uncoil the tubing and fill with fluid, taking care not to introduce bubbles into the hose. Never allow anything to crimp or crush the tubing so as to impede the free flow of fluid. d. Bleed air. Hold the valve below the level of the water container; open the valve to bleed out any air and close the valve. e. Establish height. Locate the tubing adjacent to a pier that is set to the desired final height. Position the valve above the pier and open the valve. Move the water container up or down to where the water level is at the desired final height of the pier. Maintain the water container in that position and close the valve. f. Level piers. Move the tubing to the next pier. Hold the valve above the pier and open it. Set the pier height to the level of the water in the tubing and close the valve. Repeat this step until all piers are at the same level. _J 6. Complete the opposite side.Jack the other side of the section up and install piers following the instructions above.At the completion of this step,the sec- z tion should be level from front to rear and from side to side. Q ' 7. Install perimeter and marriage line piers. Install perimeter piers and for z multi-section homes, marriage line piers. Position marriage line piers to pro- 0 vide equal bearing for both mating sections. � I Q 8. Remove running gear. Remove and store, recycle or properly dispose of the hitch,axles,and wheels.These items are the property of the homeowner unless other contractual arrangements have been made. z_ Is this a single-sectionhome? •• to Connect • 11110- • •• to Complete • O m Q J Q a Palm Harbor Homes, Inc. 9/22/08 34 Complete Multi- APJW..o ConfonnSA0_1 I Section Set HUD MHCSS Complete Multi-Section Set 10/20/08 This chapter covers the preparation and installation of additional home sections, including the structural connections be- tween units, raising and fastening hinged roofs,and fastening the home to a load-bearing perimeter wall foundation. Follow the Steps • - • STEP 1. INSTALL MARRIAGE LINE ANCHORS(p. 35) STEP 2.REMOVE PROTECTIVE SHIPPING MATERIALS(p.35) STEP 3. COMPLETE HINGED ROOF(p. 35) STEP 4. REPAIR OR INSTALL MARRIAGE LINE GASKET(p. 35) STEP 5. POSITION ADDITIONAL HOME SECTIONS(p. 36) STEP 6. CONNECT FLOORS(p.37) ?, V STEP 7. CONNECT ROOF(p.38) STEP 8.CONNECT WALLS (p.40) STEP 9. ATTACH TAG UNITS(p.41) STEP 10. REMOVE TEMPORARY ITEMS (p.42) STEP 11. FASTEN HOME TO FOUNDATION (p.42) STEP 12. BACKFILL AND GRADE (p.42) STEP 13.BUILD STAIRS(p.42) STEP 1. INSTALL MARRIAGE LINE ANCHORS If the home is in Wind Zone II or III, install ground anchors along the marriage line now; D 9 1 9 Y (p• ) / // r before mating sections are joined see Install Stabilizing System 60 .After install- ing marriage line anchors return to this point in Complete Multi-Section Set. _ Position roof jacks. Posi- y STEP 2. REMOVE PROTECTIVE SHIPPING MATERIALS tion jacks vertically to pre- W vent the jack foot from kick- 0 Remove all shipping protection and associated fasteners from both home sections to ing out or sliding. be joined, including plastic used to close up the open sides during transportation. Do Caution during roof rais- _ not remove the temporary supports holding up the ceilings at major openings. ing. Do not enter the roof 9 cavity during the raising M STEP 3. COMPLETE HINGED ROOF procedure. CD If the home has a hinged roof that has been folded down for shipping, raise the roof us- Checklists for alternate N ing a crane or roof jacks following the procedure below. Note:Due to the variety of construction. If the serial D hinged roof designs, Palm Harbor Homes, Inc. includes model specific instructions with number(see the data plate r- each home that includes a hinged roof design, including fastening and special installa- or the chassis front cross r- tion instructions.ALWAYS refer to the model specific instructions for connections. member)has the letters -4 1. Position lift points. Position the roof lift points(jacks or crane lift points)fol- "AC"before or after it,then Z lowing the jack manufacturer or crane operator instructions.Space roof lift the Alternate Construction points equally along the length of the roof with no more than five feet from the on-site check list supplied D end of the roof to the first or last lift points. Use three lift points for a roof up to with the home must be Z d t t d d t an returned o lee c 48 feet long(excluding overhangs),four lift points for up to 60 feet,and five lift comp y points for up to 72 feet. the home manufacturer in a r- timely manner. If the AC 2. Remove fasteners.Remove any temporary fasteners connecting the hinged checklist relates to the roof, 9/22/08 Palm Harbor Homes, Inc. 35 Complete Multi- #05 Section Set PRSo Conforms to --------- --- HUD MHCSS portion of the roof to the vertical king posts. 10/20/08 then failure to do so may 3. Lift roof. Raise the roof to its intended height.A temporary slight overexten- require future disassembly sion may be required during lifting. However,take care not to overextend the of the roof and further in- roof and damage the hinge. Raise the roof evenly in small increments, keep- spections. ing it level throughout the entire process to prevent racking. Do not allow roof- ing paper and shingles to get caught in the hinge crease. 4. Secure king posts. Position the hinged king posts(may be a knee wall)atop the fixed king posts or against the wooden stop.The king posts are either hinged to the underside of the hinged-truss top chord or shipped loose as a knee wall stored in the roof cavity. Position them as needed to level the roof, aligning each king post with the king post directly beneath it,and securing it in place, following the model specific instructions as applicable. 5. Unfold double hinge. If the roof has a double hinge top chord, unfold and secure the second hinge per the model specific instructions. 6. Fasten sheathing.Fasten sheathing from the upper portion of the roof to the lower fixed portion of the roof just below hinges per the model specific instruc- tions as applicable. 7. Redistribute Insulation.Before closing up the attic space check that the in- sulation has not shifted. Re-level the insulation if needed. 8. Install gable walls.Assembled frames or wall studs and sheathing needed for the site assembly of the gable end walls and interior shear wall knee walls (if present)may be provided. Install the gable end walls for each home section per the model specific instructions. 9. Install vents. Extend plumbing vents, exhaust fans,appliance vents,and fire- place stacks through the hinged portion of the roof in strict accordance with this manual (Prepare Appliances and Equipment, p.84)and/or supplemen- tal instructions provided by the home manufacturer. STEP 4. REPAIR OR INSTALL MARRIAGE LINE GASKET A continuous, non-porous gasket creating a permanent air barrier must be installed on at least one side of the marriage line;along the floor,end walls and ceiling(and mar- / • // riage lines for any tag units).The manufacturer has provided a marriage line gasket ei- ther installed on the home or shipped loose. If installed, inspect the gasket and repair Checking through-thro through- any gaps or tears. ducts. Ensure that thugh- the-rim-duct connections If not installed at the factory,install a continuous gasket between the home sections are secure and tight after along the floor,end walls, and ceiling. the home sections are to- -J gether. Q M z Q STEP 5. POSITION ADDITIONAL HOME SECTIONS Z O Follow this procedure to install additional home sections: Q1. Remove obstructions. Remove protruding nails and staples or anything else _J that will keep the home sections from fitting together snugly. If present,cut the Q temporary ceiling and floor plates at the edges of marriage line openings tak- Mechanical po- F- ing care not to damage ceiling or floor coverings or displace temporary mar- sitioning system. For a riage line support posts(these supports and the plates will be removed after Z the home sections have been structurally connected). pier-set home,a mechani- (n cal positioning system w 2. Complete crossovers. Before moving the two sections together,complete (such as a roller system) 2 any crossover connections that require access from the open marriage line, will make the process eas- = including the attic duct connection(if present)and marriage wall interior elec- ier and safer and be less trical connections(see Connect Crossovers, p.48). likely to damage the home. O 3. Position section. Position the section as closely as possible(ideally within m = six inches)and line up with the previously set section. If using a mechanical // positioning system or crane,follow the system manufacturer's instructions or the crane operator's directions. • < 4. Construct piers.With the outside walls of the home aligned,construct the Sealing gaps. Prior to com- apiers for the home section according to the instructions in Set the Home(p. pletion of the exterior close- 29)before continuing to the steps below. up, gaps that do not exceed Palm Harbor Homes, Inc. 9122/08 36 • • Multi- Section 5. Level section.Lower the section onto the outside piers first, inside piers last. one inch are permitted be- Before releasing the mechanical positioning system, check interior doorways tween structural elements and other openings for misalignments that may cause problems during trim- provided that the gaps are out.The floors should be flush, level,and tight and the roof section should closed before completion of have little, if any, gap at the top of the marriage line. Use at least two come-a- close-up,the home sec- longs to pull the sections snugly together and use the water level or other lev- tions are in contact with eling device to set all piers and shims. each other,and the mar- 6. Shim gaps. Shim any gaps up to one inch between structural elements with riage gasket provides a dimensional lumber. If any gaps exceed one inch, re-position the home to proper seal. eliminate such gaps. STEP 6. CONNECT FLOORS Make floor structural connections according to one of the methods described below. Method 1: Install toed fasteners through bottom board or floor decking Install fasteners at approximately a 45 degree angle(+/-5 degrees)from horizontal as shown in Figure 20 using the fastener type, size,and spacing indicated on Table 13. 4i Conforms to HUD MHCSS 10/20/08 TABLE 13. FLOOR CONNECTION FASTENING SPECIFICATIONS Fastener I Spacing Type Size .Zone I F Wind Zone 11 Wind Zone Lag screw,with 5/16"x 4-1/2"* 36 in. 20 in. 16 in. washer Wood screw #10 x 4"* 32 in. 16 in. 16 in. Increase fastener lengths by 3 inches for double rim joists. I Figure 20.Floor connection Marriage Lne through bottom board or floor I decking Floor Decking Rim Jost ' I I i0111 Fastener D I r I I � Gasket i D X IM Stagger fasteners on either side of marriage line and offset them by half the spacing O distance(Figure 21). O Fastener Location Figure 21.Staggered offset M Marriage Line fastening along marriage line N Z N Half r Spacing Spacing r' From D Table Spacing From O Spacing Table Z From r Table Spacing Z Haff From D Spacing Table 9/22/08 Palm Harbor Homes, Inc. 37 Complete Multi- #05 Section Set saforma to__ HUD MHCSS n Wind Zones II and III,fasten metal straps of minimum 26 gauge, 1-1/2"wide tonoios galvanized steel spaced per Table 14 and fastened per Table 15 to the un- derside of the floor joists(Figure 22). Select a strap length sufficient to hold the required fasteners.Straps are not required in Wind Zone I. Patch bottom TABLE 14 MAXIMUM STRAP SPACING board. Use adhesive Roof slope Wind Zone 11 Wind Zone III spray, mastic,and/or diver- gent staples in combination Up to 4-in-12 96 in. 80 in. with bottom board tape for Over 4-in-12 48 in. 48 in. a more secure and durable connection. TABLE 15.STRAP FASTENING MINIMUM SPECIFICATIONS Fastener type Size .- Galvanized staples 16ga 7/16"x 1"penetration 12 each side Roofing nails 1-1/2"long 9—each side Marriage Una Figure 22.Metal strapping Jost I� See Chart I for Wind Zones 11 and l/l For Spacing _I I lour Metal I I Floor Joist I Deckig Strap I I I i Marriage Nails Rim Joist Line Metal Strap STEP 7. CONNECT ROOF If the marriage line along the roof is not snug, position jacks every 20 feet or less along the outside I-beam and uniformly lift the section until the roof area is tight. / / A Check to make sure the ceiling joint is flush before installing the connections. If not, Closing the roof gap. Level use a jack and tee to raise whichever ceiling is low, starting at the front and working to and fasten the marriage the rear of the home. Fasten the roof along the marriage line using one of the methods line joint at the floor before J below for either double or triple-section homes. jacking to tighten a roof gap. DO NOT use roof fas- D DOUBLE-SECTION HOMES teners to close any gaps. Z Method 1: Install toed fasteners through roof sheathing Separation of the ridge Q Install the fasteners through the roof deck into the ridge beams at an approximately 45 g 9 9 pP Y beams and trusses may Z degree angle(+/-5 degrees)from horizontal (Figure 23)according to the fastener occur. 0 spacing and specifications in Table 16. Stagger fasteners on each side of marriage line Qand offset them by half the spacing distance(Figure 21).Spacing indicated is on- center, both sides of ridge. Make sure fasteners penetrate the ridge beam/rail by a -� minimum of 1-1/2 inches both sides of ridge. Q N , Figure 23. Toed fasteners Z through roof sheathing NFasteners W 0 Roof Approx. = Sheathing 45 0 m E'er' Q � Ridge Beam ` J Q a TABLE 16. ROOF CONNECTIONS SPECIFICATIONS Palm Harbor Homes, Inc. 9/22/08 38 • • Multi- Section AW #OS Fastener Spacing Ty .- C Size Wind Zone I Wind Zone 11 Wind Zone III onforms to HUD MHCSS Lag screw with 5/16"x 6" 28 in. 20 in. 12 in. tonoios washer Wood screw #10 x 5" 24 in. 12 in. 12 in. In Wind Zones II and III install either a metal cap or straps as follows: Caps • Select metal caps made of minimum 8"x 30 ga galvanized steel or 0.019" aluminum. Installing lags. If lags are • Install caps continuously,overlapping by minimum of four inches at splices. used to connect roofs, useappropriately sized wash- • Fasten caps with 1"x 1"x 16 ga galvanized staples or 12 ga 1-1/4"long x 3/8" ers,countersink the fas- diameter head roof nails or#8 x 1-1/4"sheet metal screws at two inches o.c. tener heads and fill the both sides of ridge. countersink holes with putty or caulk to prevent shingles from sinking into the holes over time. When to use metal straps. If a ridge vent will be in- stalled, use straps instead of a continuous cap. Center Section Outer Section Figure 24.Triple-section roof connection Method 1 Factory-Installed U nderlayment Factory-Installed Shingles Field-Installed Shngles Factory-Installed Shingles Asphalt Roofing Cement Between Layers of Underlayment Min6"Wide D r D W O Metal(Optional) Fastener 2 O Marriage Figure 25.Triple-section 9 Line home to ----------- Z Ridge W Line "I ----- D Marriage r Line I I D Plan Elevatim O z TABLE 17. ROOF CONNECTION SPECIFICATIONS E Fastener Spacing D Type Size Wind Zone I Wind Zone 11 Wind Zone III c D Lag screw 5/16"x 6" 14in. 10in. 6in. r Wood screw #10 x 5" 12in. 6in. 6in. 9/22/08 Palm Harbor Homes, Inc. 39 Complete SectionPFS#®5 Conforms to HUD MHCSS 10/20/08 Method 2: Install fasteners with ship loose sheathing For homes where sheathing is shipped loose to be installed on site(Figure 26)fasten field-installed sheathing to all underlying blocking and framing with 15 ga 7/16"x 1-1/2" staples at four inches o.c. in field and perimeter. Factory-Instated Figure 26.Triple-section roof Shingles connection Method 2 Field-Instaled Feld-Instated Underlayment Shingles Feld-lnsheted Asphalt Roofing Cement Sheathing Between Layers of Underlayrnent Mn.6"Wide. Factory-Instated FaUnderl stemtalled Shingles Underlaymant Facory-lnstaled Sheathing Factoryanstaled Nailer i STEP 8. CONNECT WALLS Once the home is secured along the marriage line floor and roof, secure end walls, in- terior doorways,and marriage line partitions according to the appropriate method de- scribed below. END WALLS Method 1: Install toed fasteners through sheathing j Toe fasteners through sheathing from the exterior at an approximately 45 degree angle (+/-5 degrees)(Figure 27)according to the fastener specifications and spacing re- quirements in Table 18. Gasket Figure 27. End wall connec- Wall Studs tion toed through sheathing J Exterior Siding Q or Exterior Siding Z Underlayment Q Z O Q J Fastener _.I Q H N Z_ TABLE 18. END WALL FASTENER SPECIFICATIONS N Fastener type Size Spacing ua M Lag screw with washer 5/16"x 5" 12in.o.c. O Wood screw #8 x S' 8in.o.c. W Nail 16d 8in.o.c. O m Q TABLE 19. MARRIAGE WALL CONNECTION SPECIFICATIONS Fastener type Size Spacing _j Wood screw #8 x 4" 16 in.o.c. Q n Palm Harbor Homes, Inc. 9/22/08 40 • • Multi- Section .• • - • i Do additional sections (non tag) remain to be positioned? 000_ Q7HUD #os ms[o • ' • HCSS 10/20/08 • continue below. Is there a .• •• to • 1 • continue below. hingedIs there a roof? •• to STEP •. COMPLETE HINGED ROOF, • 00- • •• to • 41 STEP 9. ATTACH TAG UNITS After the main unit has been set on its foundation, install all tag units according to the following procedure: 1. Position and block the tag. Position the tag unit as close to the main unit as Piers under tag units. possible at its intended location. Use a hitch jack to obtain approximate level- Some tag units have spe- ing and install pier supports according to Set the Home,STEP 2.POSITION cial piering needs due to HOME SECTION(p.29). Determine whether the tag and main unit floors are the roof and/or floor con- designed to line up flush or are offset by a step and adjust the tag pier heights struction.These will be de- accordingly. tailed in supplemental pier- 2. Level the unit.Using a water level (p.33),verify that the piers are level.The ing plans supplied with the elevation of all points along the lower flange of the I-beam should be no more home. Note that tag unit than 3/8 inches from the desired height and should not deviate more than 3/4 end walls are typically load inches overall. bearing rather than side 3. Connect floors. If the floor of the tag unit is level with main unit floor,connect walls. the floors together as described in STEP 5.CONNECT FLOORS(p.36). If the floors are offset, use the connection detail shown in Figure 28,fastening the angle iron to the tag unit with minimum 5/16"x 3"lag screws or#8 x 3" wood screws. Match fastener spacing and quantity to that used for the con- nection of the angle iron to the main unit. 4. Connect walls.Secure the tag unit walls to the main unit sidewall using#8 x 4"screws at 12 inches o.c. (see Figure 29).The sheathing shown in the detail may not be included by the manufacturer. If included,the sheathing over the M last stud bay was tacked in place at the factory for easy removal at the site. D Once the wall connections are complete, re-install the sheathing and complete r the siding installation. 3 D Sidewall (Main s+enar Figure 28. Tag unit offset W effi Ins floor connection O eld Inetalad) ll Studs Figure 29. Tag unit wall g UN) 9 g connection O ic m Main Unit Floor N Ma D Tag Unit Floor Angle lion Sidkig Z 5. Connect roofs.Connect the tag unit roof to the main unit roof using#10 x 5' z screws or 3/8"x 6"lag screws,toe screwed at each main unit vertical struc- C tural member(stud or truss)location. See Figure 30 for flush roof connections r— and Figure 31 for roof connections with an offset greater than two inches. Roof connections with an offset less than two inches do not require screws. 9/22/08 Palm Harbor Homes, Inc. 41 Complete Multi- #05_ Section Set Conforms to HUD MHCS s:g e uwe yen 10/20/08 Figure 30. Tag unit flush roof Instal F6shnp Rat �o_JM _—zs"��' connection Mete Fas=®Fastener Figure 31. Tag unit offset Reafl)-krg roof connection Main Wit SHnpb• Tag 11nl Main Wit Metal Flashng (or Tcq Cau ae Raol WekFg of Nrryl Si6rg) Tag Wit Fastener STEP 10. REMOVE TEMPORARY ITEMS Once the home is properly supported and the marriage line connections are completed, remove the temporary ridge beam supports and wall/ceiling plates used to brace the ridge beam during shipment.Take care not to damage the ceiling. Remove and store or properly dispose of or recycle the hitch,axles,and wheels.These items are the property of the homeowner unless other contractual arrangements have been made. Is the home supported on a load-bearing perimeter wall? 1110- YES, •• • STEP 11. FASTEN HOMETO FOUNDATION, 1110- NO, go to Complete Roof and Exterior Walls (p. 43). STEP 11. FASTEN HOME TO FOUNDATION Fasten the home to the foundation(typically to the sill plate)according to the fastening schedule provided by the manufacturer. / ' / A When to backfill. Backfill supportedIs the home . , against basement walls only after the home is con- 11110- YES, • to STEP 12. BACKFILL AND • nected to the foundation or 00, • •• to Complete Roof . • the basement walls may J deflect inward or collapse. Q Cutting the chassis. Do not z STEP 12. BACKFILL AND GRADE cut, notch, bend,or alter in g Backfill against the foundation wall to the height of the waterproofing,taking care to not any manner beams,cross- z damage the drainage system. members,and other parts O of the steel chassis. F- Grade the site as described in Prepare the Site,STEP 3.CLEAR AND GRADE THE J SITE(p.13). J F STEP 13. BUILD STAIRS z Construct the basement stairs in compliance with the local building code.Take care U) that adequate headroom is maintained under beams and that there is sufficient landing w space at the bottom of the stairs. O 00, go to Complete Roof and Exterior Walls (p. 43). !Y O m a J Q a Palm Harbor Homes, Inc. 9/22/08 42 PFS#osComplete Roof . Conforms t HCSo Exterior Walls HUD M S 10/20/08 Complete Roof and Exterior Walls This chapter covers closing up and weatherproofing the home by completing the roofing and siding. Follow the Steps • - • STEP 1.COMPLETE ROOF(p.43) STEP 2.COMPLETE TAG UNIT ROOF(p.45) STEP 3.COMPLETE SIDE WALLS(p.45) STEP 1. COMPLETE ROOF RIDGE CLOSEUP For multi-section homes,the first step in completing the exterior is sealing the roof along the ridge line(Figure 32). For homes with asphalt shingles,follow the procedure below. For homes with metal or other roofing materials,follow the instructions that come with the roofing materials or provided as a supplement to this manual. Cap Shingle Underlayment Figure 32.Shingle installa- / \ Oind zone tion at ridge 2&3 CYd 2 8 3 tly) \ Iretalled Shingles / A bo Factory Installed Weatherproofing. It is vitally Shingles Undarlaymmg important to close up the home quickly to protect the interior from damage due to Roof Deck inclement weather. 1. Install underlayment(when sheathing at the ridge is installed on site). Make Removing shipping protec- sure the roof sheathing is already installed(see Complete Multi-Section Set, tion. Remove shipping pro- STEP 6.CONNECT ROOF, p. 37). Install 15#felt or equivalent continuously tection from the roof prior to along the length of the ridge,covering all exposed sheathing and overlapping completing roofing. sheathing joints by at least five inches on each side. Fasten using 1"x 1"x 16 ga galvanized staples. For Wind Zones II and III, also apply a six inch wide strip of roofing cement along each side of ridge under the underlayment. _ 2. Install shingles. If shingles have been left off at the ridge line for site installa- D X tion,install them now using 1"x 1"x 16 ga galvanized staples or 12ga 1-1/4" O long,3/8"diameter head roof nails. For Wind Zone I,fasten at 5/8 inch above 0 each tab cutout slot and one at each end of the shingle one inch in from the = edge(four fasteners for a three-tab shingle)(Figure 33). For Wind Zones II p and III, use two fasteners 5/8 inch above and on either side of the tab slots 3 and one at each end of the shingle one inch in from the edge(six fasteners for a three-tab shingle). Do not fastenthrough the shingle tar line. Z �36'Shingle 36'Shingle .-� Figure 33.Shingle fastener q I locations for Wind Zone I D r (left)and Wind Zones 11 and x x 12"x x X. x x x 12" 111(right). J Z x Fastener Lo bons 3. Install underlayment. Install 15#felt or equivalent underlayment that is at Z least 10 inches wide continuously along the ridge. Fasten with 1"x 1"x 16 ga C galvanized staples. For Wind Zones II and III,also apply a six inch wide strip rD- 9/22/08 Palm Harbor Homes, Inc. 43 Complete Roof And Exterior Walls Conforms to 01w040/20/08 of roofing cement on both sides of the ridge under the underlayment. 4. Install shingle cap.Starting at the opposite end of the home from the prevail- ing wind,install ridge cap shingles provided by the manufacturer or use 12"x 0 A 12"shingles(36"shingles cut into three equal pieces)(Figure 34). Install us- Installing a ridge vent. If a ing 1"x 1"x 16 ga galvanized staples or 12 ga 1-1/4"long,3/8"diameter head ridge vent is to be installed, roofing nails spaced 5-5/8 inches from bottom edge and 1/2 inch to 1-1/2 follow the ridge vent manu- inches in from both edges.Cover the exposed fasteners with tar or cement. facturer's instructions pro- vided with the material or as an addendum to this manual in lieu of underlay- ment over ridge line and shingle cap. Cut shingle Into three pieces Figure 34. Shingle cut into as shown by dotted line thirds 1 1 2 1 3 HINGE ROOF CLOSE-UP For homes with hinged roofs,complete roofing underlayment and shingles along the hinge line(Figure 35)as follows: 1. Install underlayment.Attach the underlayment to the roof deck with a mini- mum of six-inch wide strip of cement. If necessary,trim the underlayment to allow the lowest shingle above the hinge of the roof to seal to the topmost shingle on the lower portion of the roof. Figure 35. Shingle installa- tion at hinge line Site Install Shingles In Hinged Area Per The Instructions On The Shingle Package 600 Shipped Loose With The Home. k� After Roof Is In The Rased Position, vPpo Trim The Shingle UnderlaymentTo / Installing metal Alow The Shingle Of The Upper flashing. Install optional Roof Section To Seal Onto The Last , metal flashing over the roof Shingle Of The Lower Roof Section. decking before applying J �° Hnge roofing cement. Fold back Q �dfy° the underlayment and fas- Z �oNet ten 30 ga x 6"wide mini- Q mum galvanized metal with 2 Underlayment�� Asphalt Roofing Cement roofing nails or 16 a x 1" Z Between Layers of g 9 O UnderlaymentMirlu num crown staples of sufficient s•wide length to penetrate the roof 2. Install shingles. Install missing shingles according to the shingle manufac- sheathing.Space fasteners J turer's instructions. four inches o.c.or less near h the edge of the metal. COMPLETE TRIPLE-SECTION ROOFS Overlap the metal by at Complete roofing along triple-section home marriage lines according to one of the fol- least two inches at joints. lowing methods based on the construction of the home. LU 2 ( Method 1: Dual ridge beams = 1. Install underlayment.Fold down the underlayment of the outer section roof and apply a minimum six-inch wide strip of roofing cement to the sheathing. 0 Lay the underlayment of the center section on top of the cement(see Best Practice tip for optional metal flashing). Fold down the center section roof un- derlayment on this cement. 2. Install shingles. Install missing row(s)of shingles,securing them per the Qshingle manufacturer's installation instructions(refer to the shingle wrapper). n Palm Harbor Homes, Inc. 9/22/08 44 4";iv �.o# 5 Complete Roof . Exterior Walls HUD MHCSS Center Section Outer Se lonoioe Figure 36. Triple-section ctim roof connection Method 1 Factory-Installed_ Underlayrnent Factory-Installed Shingles Field-Installed Shingles Factory-Installed SHngles Asphalt Roofing CemaR Between Layers of Underlayment Min6'Wide C Metal(Optimal) Fastener Method 2: Field-installed sheathing 1. Install underlayment. Fold down the underlayment of the outer section roof and fold up the underlayment on the center section roof.Apply to the lower roof underlayment a minimum six-inch wide strip of roofing cement centered on the sheathing joint. Cover with the shipped loose underlayment.Apply an- other minimum six-inch wide strip of roofing cement to the ship loose under- layment centered on the upper roof sheathing joint. 2. Install shingles. Install missing row(s)of shingles per the shingle manufac- turer's installation instructions(refer to the shingle wrapper). Factory-Installed Figure 37. Triple-section Shingles roof connection Method 2 Field-Instaled Field-Instaled Underlayment Shingles Field-Installed Sheathing Asphalt Roofing Cement Between Layers of � Underlayment D Minn.6'Wide. r Factory-Installed = Factory-Installed Shingles D Underlayment X 03 0 O Factory-I nsta led Sheathing M Factory-Installed Nailer Z D r r D STEP 2. COMPLETE TAG UNIT ROOF If the home has a tag unit,complete roofing for this unit now.The process for complet- Z ing the roof is different for flush and offset roofs. Follow the instructions in the appropri- K ate section below. D Z FLUSH ROOFS C For flush roofs,complete roofing along the marriage line and at the valley line as fol- lows(see Figure 38): 9/22/08 Palm Harbor Homes, Inc. 45 . PFS --- —_-- -----—onlf9,rms14-- HUD MHCSS sl:ngie Underlayment 10/20/08 Figure 38. Tag unit flush Instal Flashing Flat roof connection Over JoFrt Fastener Tag Unt Main tht Marriage line Method 1: Install metal flashing(minimum 30 ga x minimum 6"wide)over the joint between the main roof dormer and tag unit roof.Secure the flashing to the roof decks on both dormer and tag unit roofs with roofing nails or 16 ga staples with a one inch crown and long enough to fully penetrate the roof decks.Space fasteners maximum two inches o.c. near the edge of the flashing.Overlap seams in the metal by at least two inches.After flashing is complete, install shingles per shingle manufacturer instructions and ridge cap/vent according to STEP 1.COMPLETE ROOF(p.43). Method 2: Install two layers of roofing underlayment or equivalent over the joint between the main roof dormer and tag unit roof lapping the factory installed under- layment a minimum of six inches on each side and fully cemented at the laps. In- stall shingles per shingle manufacturer instructions and ridge cap/vent according to STEP 1.COMPLETE ROOF(p.43). Valley line Along the bottom of the valley,shingles and one or more layers of roll roofing may need to be installed. If fastened to the roof at the factory, unroll the roofing,overlap the tag roof and trim the roofing to the roof edge. If shipped loose, install the roll roofing at the valley, lapping it under the factory installed roll roofing a minimum of 12 inches and fully cement the roofing at the lap.Complete shingles at the valley either by interweav- J ing them or by trimming back approximately four inches from the valley line and fully Q cementing the exposed shingle edges. D z OFFSET ROOFS gIf there is a gap between the main unit dormer overhang and the tag unit roof of less z than two inches,fold up the main unit dormer fascia, slide the underlayment and flash- 0_ ing from the tag unit roof behind the fascia,and bend the fascia back down and secure a into sub-fascia with metal screws(Figure 39). J J Q H N Z_ N W M O O m Q J Q a Palm Harbor Homes, Inc. 9/22/08 46 PFExterior Walls ij S#cisComplete Roof . Conforms to HUD MHCSS 10/20/08 Main Unit Roof ((hinges NO Figure 39. Tag unit roofing Fadory_Intalled Flashing Shown on Main connection with less than Uritbr Clardy) pdD Edge Underlayrnent Carried Up Into Donner Sub-Fascia two inch height difference Fascia Fascia Main Unit Factory-lost Dormer Fleshng Shingles Shingles Undedayment Underlayment — Distance Between Main Unit Dormer and Tag Unit Roof May Urderlayment Over Rdled Vary(Min.to to Max Of 2' Roofing Carried Up Into Tag Unit Rod Der Sub-Fascia Min.3 Dormer Tag Unit Truss Main Unit Dorrner Truss If the gap between the main unit dormer overhang and the tag unit roof is two inches or more, bend up the inside corner trim at the dormer overhang and main unit sidewall, fold up the factory installed flashing on the tag unit roof,fold the inside corner trim back down,and secure into dormer wall with metal screws(Figure 41). i-Shingleg Figure 40. Tag unit offset Metal roof connection Fascia Root Decking Main Unit -E _Shingles Metal Flashing (Or Top Courses Rod Detkin il Of Vinyl Siding) Tag Unit Fastener AFT STEP 3. COMPLETE SIDE WALLS Siding necessary to complete the exterior has been provided with the home. Follow the siding manufacturer's instructions(found on or with the packaging or as an addendum / ic to this manual)and to complete the exterior siding as follows: _ Covering the HUD label. Do > 1. Remove shipping protection. Remove temporary shipping protection from not cover the HUD label on W walls. the exterior of the home. O 2. Complete crossovers.Complete any crossover connections in the walls, in- Removing shipping protec- X cluding:electrical,stereo speaker,doorbell,telephone,and intercom wires. tion. Remove temporary = O 3. Install siding. Fasten siding only at stud locations,avoiding electrical wires shipping protection from ic that are present in the walls. walls before installing sid- M ng or 4. Install close-up of strips. If siding has been installed on the end walls at the damaa result. moisture Z factory,fasten close-up strips securely along both edges and seal the edges damage may . CA with a waterproof sealant. y 5. Install trim. Install any matching trim required to complete the installation. ��r 6. Seal penetrations.With a waterproof sealant,seal any penetrations in the —Dt siding that may have been caused by temporary shipping protection. O Z 11110- •• to • D Z c D r 9/22/08 Palm Harbor Homes, Inc. 47 Connect Crossovers PFS#°5 Conforms to HUD MHCSS Connect Crossovers 10/20/08 This chapter covers crossover connections between units of multi-section homes, including ducts and electrical,water, waste,gas,telephone, and cable TV connections. Follow the Steps • - • STEP 1. CONNECT DUCTS(p.48) STEP 2.CONNECT ELECTRICAL CROSSOVERS(p. 50) STEP 3.INSTALL ELECTRICAL BONDING(p. 53) STEP 4.CONNECT WATER LINES (p. 53) STEP 5.CONNECT DRAIN,WASTE, AND VENT LINES(p- 54) STEP 6. CONNECT GAS LINES(p. 56) STEP 7. CONNECT TELEPHONE AND CABLE TV WIRING (p. 57) STEP 1. CONNECT DUCTS There are three main types of duct crossover connections. Based on the location of the duct,follow the installation steps on the page indicated below: / // • Under the floor(p.48). Qualified personnel. Use • In the roof cavity(p.50). only qualified personnel to • In floor,through-the-rim joist(p.50) make crossover connec- tions.Consult the LAHJ for To prevent air leakage,seal all ductwork connections, including duct collars using one licensing or any additional or more of the following materials: crossover connection re- • Galvanized metal straps in combination with galvanized sheet metal screws. quirements. • For rigid air ducts and connectors,tape and mastics listed to UL 181 A. Access for service.When- ever possible maintain ac- • For flexible air ducts and connectors,tape and mastics listed to UL 181 B. cess to connection areas for future maintenance. UNDER FLOOR FLEXIBLE CROSSOVER DUCT QWhen heating or cooling equipment is installed in the home,the flexible crossover duct Make tight connections. is provided by the manufacturer. In all cases the crossover duct must be listed for exte- Permanent,durable, and z tight crossover duct con- Q rior use. � nections are critical to the Z There are four common configurations of under floor crossover ducts depending on the proper performance of the O number of home sections and the furnace/air handler location.See Table 20 to locate home. Leaky ducts can re- 1-- the appropriate figure. sult in severe moisture Q problems in the home,dis- _J TABLE 20. UNDER FLOOR DUCT CONFIGURATIONS comfort from rooms not re- H ceiving the proper amount U) of conditioned air,and high Z Furnace over trunk duct See Figure 41 See Figure 43 — utility bills from wasted U) Furnace offset from trunk duct See Figure 42 See Figure 44 heating and/or cooling en- W 2 ergy. O z O m Q � I J Q a Palm Harbor Homes, Inc. 9/22/08 48 PF #os Conforms to Connect Crossovers HUD MHCSS Furnace I Air 10/20/08 Figure 41. Furnace over Handler trunk duct, two home sec- A Section B Section t1011S Floor Heat Duct Tap-OCollar Flex Duct Field-Installed Flex Support Straps Duct Furnace/Air Figure 42.Furnace offset A Section Handler B Section from trunk duct, two home sections Floor Heat D Tap-Out Collar Field-Installed Flex Dud Flex Duct Support Straps "V"-Box Under Furnace Furnace Ar Figure 43. Furnace over Handle trunk duct, three home sec- Li A Section B section c sedan tions Floor Heat Tap-Cut Collar Field-Installed Flex Dud •V$ouUnderFurnace Flex Duct Support Straps A Section Furnace/Air B Section CSection Figure 44.Furnace offset Li W HandlerLU from trunk duct, three home IN sections Heat Du Tap-0ut Collar Field-Installed Flex Dud "V-Box UnderFurnaoe Flex Duct Support Straps For under floor flexible crossover ducts follow the steps below: 1. Locate collars. Locate the metal crossover collars(or V-box)connected to the main trunk duct(or furnace)under the home and remove temporary ship- ping protection. Securing the D 2. Install inner duct.Slide the crossover duct inner liner over the crossover col- crossover. Between Step larN-box as far as it will go.Temporarily fasten the inner liner in place with 5 and Step 6,drill three or duct tape. Install a large nylon zip-tie over the inner liner just above the"ridge" more 1/16 inch holes an D around the crossover collarN-box.Apply mastic completely over inner liner equal distance around and and collarN-box(alternately,the mastic may be applied to the collarN-box just below the bottom edge WO prior to sliding the duct inner liner over it). of the nylon zip-tie. Install 0 #12 pan head screws in 3. Connect duct insulation. Bring the duct insulation up over the zip-tie and 2 above the home's bottom board into the floor cavity.Temporarily duct tape it these holes,through the p against the base of the trunk duct/V-box. flexible duct and into the m metal crossover collarN- 4. Pull duct wrap.Pull the crossover duct outer wrap over the top of the insula- box.The screw heads tion and temporarily secure it to the trunk duct/V-box with duct tape. should be against the zip- y 5. Install zip-tie. Feel for the nylon zip-tie that was installed over the inner liner. tie. D Place another nylon zip-tie just under the first one to permanently secure the r crossover duct insulation and outer wrap. 6. Trim duct.Trim the crossover duct to length such that the installed duct will i /� 0 be straight with no kinks or unnecessary bends. Z 7. Connect other end. Follow the same procedure(steps 1 through 5)to con- Cover exposed metal. 3 nect the opposite end of the crossover duct and any other crossover ducts. Completely cover all ex- > posed metal connectors Z 8. Seal joints.Seal the joints between the bottom board and the crossover duct C with insulation.Apply seal- D with foam or mastic. ants and tapes only to sur- 9. Support duct.Support the crossover duct(s)above the ground using nylon or faces that are dry and free galvanized metal straps and saddles spaced every 48 inches o.c.or less. of dust,dirt,and grease. -------- ---— - — ----- -- 9/22/08 Palm Harbor Homes, Inc. 49 ConnectPFS#°5 • • Conf�MHCSS HUD 10/20/08 Choose straps at least 1/2 inch wider than the spacing of the metal spirals en- Avoid ground contact. In- casing the crossover duct. Install the straps so they cannot slip between spi- stalled crossover ducts rals.Secure metal straps with galvanized screws. must not be in contact with the ground. ROOF CAVITY CROSSOVER DUCT Unobstructed airflow. Ex- For ducts installed in the roof cavity,follow the steps below: cess length, kinks and 1. Access duct.Access the crossover location through an access panel in the bends in the crossover duct roof and remove any temporary shipping protection. will restrict airflow and de- 2. Join ducts. Using the provided flexible duct,join the distribution boxes in grade the home's HVAC each section of the home as shown in Figure 45, cutting off any extra duct system performance. length to keep the duct as straight as possible.The duct is connected to one side of the home. 3. Fasten ducts.At each connection point between ducts and between ducts and distribution boxes or connectors,secure the inner duct liner with a nylon strap,apply mastic completely over the connection area, pull the duct insula- tion and outer liner over the connection area,and secure them with a second nylon strap. 4. Reinstall panel. Reinstall and secure the access panel. Install underlayment and shigles as necessary. FWNa Figure 45.Duct crossover Distribnon Box iatrb,&n Box located in the roof cavity O O STEP 2. CONNECT ELECTRICAL CROSSOVERS Multi-section homes may have one or more electrical crossovers located in the wall(s) and/or floor(s)along the marriage line(s). / // JOINING WIRES Use qualified electricians. Two types of connections may be present at these locations—snap connectors and All electrical work must be junction boxes. Identify matching circuits if multiple circuits exist at a single crossover performed by a qualified location.These will be coded for identification. Connect snap connectors according to electrician and comply with the connector manufacturer's installation instructions, including fastener requirements. the 2005 NEC. Connect wires in junction boxes as follows(Figure 46): Disconnect power.Turn off Q power to the home before z Pull wires. Pull circuit wires into the junction box,sliding them through a romex con- making connections. Q ! nector and secure snugly. (Figure 46)Do not over-tighten. Proper use of GFCI cir- 5-. 1. Strip wires. Remove the outer jacket that holds the circuit wires together pro- cuits. Ensure Ground Fault 0 viding a minimum of four inches of free wire in the box. Circuit Interrupted(GFCI) Q 2. Connect wires. Connect wires together matching like colors, using appropri- circuits are connected to ately sized wire nuts. Use the ground wire to ground the junction box and/or the proper GFCI protected cover plate(s), if metal.Junction boxes may contain single or multiple 15 or circuits from the power 20-amp circuits,or a single 240-volt appliance circuit. supply. Z 3. Replace cover. Reposition the junction box cover and secure using machine U) (not sheet metal)screws. Figure 46. Types of junction w box wiring connections 0I _ ', cl� 0 m ' Qi J Q a Palm Harbor Homes, Inc. 9/22/08 50 FS#05 Connect ® • • 00* ----.__ _..--- -ConforHCSS- HUD!11HCSS aed 10/20/08 Can atlas C�ectm Appoved Comecta WHb tub Z W ti b lack tG d acLk lack Approved Plan is — While WR or%lal Box GfO� Ground R Black (TY PI ca I) W tit Ground >t round GfO und B Wtib tub ro lack round Cbnps PerType bck B ar Used(typical) sound Lug Metal Boxes 0*) ound Lug Metal Boxes Only) ound tug Metal Boxes Orly) Shgle 15 or 20 AMP Circut Double 15 or 20 AMP Circuits 240V Appliance circuit FLOOR CROSSOVER When making electrical connection(s)in the floor, use one of the wiring options de- i ' // scribed below: Method 1:Access panel Using snap connectors. Do 1. Access wires. Find the crossover location(s)and remove the access panel(s) not use oversized nails or if attached. If access panel openings are not provided,cut through bottom drive nail heads into snap board to expose the wiring(Figure 47). connectors.Some connec- tors are designed for one- 2. Route wires. Pass the wires through predrilled holes or notches in the rim time use only—a new con- joist or if there is a single bumped-out access panel as in Figure 48,then un- nector must be used if they der the rim joists. If holes or notches have not been provided and there is no become separated. bumped-out access panel,drill maximum one-inch diameter hole(s)half-way protect cables.Cover all up the rim joists on each home section, making sure the holes align and feed cables with conduit or other the wire through the hole. suitable weather-resistant 3. Connect wires. Connect wires via a junction box or snap-connectors)as de- and protective material. scribed above. 4. Secure wires.Secure wires with staples to adjacent joists or studs within eight inches of junction box or snap-connector(s). 5. Install smash plates. For notched perimeter joists, install steel wire protec- tors(smash plates). 6. Seal bottom board. Replace insulation and re-install access panels and/or seal the bottom board with tape specially made for that purpose(may be pro- vided).The access panel(s)may be temporarily installed near the crossover location or shipped loose with the home. D r asket Figure 47.Electrical cross- over floor wires with flush = Hole Through access panels X I I Rim Joist ai �0T N _�IfJoists A Notched,Steel Protectors May Junction Box or — re Be Provided With the Fbme Snap-Connector Be Cn 1 1 l I Access Panel May Z Be Provided r O Z D Z C D r 9/22/08 Palm Harbor Homes, Inc. 51 Connect Crossovers PF #°5 o0oFonform to HUD MHCSS 10/20/08 Figure 48.Floor electrical crossover wires with F— bumped-out access panel I J J�ndon Boz aSnap Gomectar Protective Cover (If NdI Provided Patch Morn BOW.) Method 2: Junction box with conduit 1. Access boxes. If junction boxes are not exposed,access them inside the floor by cutting the bottom board or by removing the access panel(s). Remove the junction box covers. 2. Connect wires. If wire is coiled inside one junction box, insert it into provided flexible conduit and pass it under the rim joists to the opposing box and make the connection as described above. If no coiled wire is provided, install pro- vided ship-loose conduit with wire making connections in both boxes(Figure 49). 3. Cover boxes. Replace and secure covers on junction boxes. 4. Seal floor. Replace any displaced insulation and replace access panel or seal the bottom board with tape specially made for that purpose(may be provided). j Variation to Method 2:A junction box may be installed only on one side with the other side containing conduit behind an access panel.Bring the conduit to other side and make one connection in the junction box. Gasket Figure 49. Under the rim joist electrical crossover connection with conduit Junction Box(May Be Under Wire For Crossover or Alongside Floor Joist ay Be Coiled Inside Junction Box J lexble Conduit Q WALL CROSSOVERS g i Connect electrical, phone, cable television,and stereo speaker wires in marriage walls � O ! and/or partition and end walls. Avoid damaging crossover F- If access panels into the marriage walls are not provided,then the connection should wires.Carefully fold mar- have been made prior to bringing the home sections together. If access panels are riage wall crossover wires J provided in marriage, end or partition walls, remove the panels,join the wires as so they stay within a single described above using the provided snap-connector,junction box,or at a receptacle, bay and are not sand- U) and re-attach the access panel(Figure 50 for marriage walls and Figure 51 for wiched between studs Z partitions and end walls).)• when the sections are W pulled together. M O O m Q x J Q a Palm Harbor Homes, Inc. 9/22/08 52 Connect PFS#°5 —C (a Crossovers onforms fn._.---..... HUD MHCSS 10/20/08 Connect Wires Figure 50. Inside marriage at Junction Box, Wall crossover Connection Receptacle,or r-� Snap-Connector Optional Access Panel L J Figure 51. Inside partition or Endwall Access to Junction Endwall end wall electrical crossover Side'A' Box-Inside Home Side'B' connection ————— Factory-Instalied Wire Protectors I :M arriage Line STEP 3. INSTALL ELECTRICAL BONDING To ensure all metal parts are effectively grounded, electrically bond all chasses to- gether as follows(Figure 52): 1. Find lugs.Determine if solderless ground lugs are provided on the front or rear frame outriggers or headers. 2. Attach wire. If lugs are provided, uncoil the bonding wire(#8 minimum bare copper wire)from one side of the home and connect it to the lug provided on the opposing side using the provided paint penetrating star washer,tighten .0 the set screw firmly on the wire and repeat for any additional home sections. D Figure 52.Electrical bonding j= Marriage Line of multi-section homes D r Q X 0 Rear Outrggerat #8 Min.Copper Solderless Lug Eadt m Marriage Line Ground Wire Half of Home Z 3. Attach strap. If ground lugs and copper wire are not provided,attach the pro- vided four-inch bonding strap to each pair of adjacent chasses with two 48 x D 3/4"self-tapping metal screws(one screw each side). STEP 4. CONNECT WATER LINES o Connect water lines inside the floor through access panels or below the bottom board F &F *#Z Z as follows: ic D WATER LINES ACCESSED THROUGH PANELS Applying cement. Follow C 1. Remove panels. Remove access panels from each home section. cement manufacturers in- 2. Remove caps. Remove shipping caps from ends of water lines. structions with respect to application and drying time. 3. Pull lines, Pull water lines through holes in rim joist. If holes are not provided, Allow cement to fully cure 9/22/08 Palm Harbor Homes, Inc. 53 Connect PFS#°5 Crossovers Conforms to HUD MHCSS 10/20/08 drill round holes in the center of the rim joist,with a maximum diameter of one before filling pipes with wa- third the rim joist depth(Figure 53). ter. 4. Connect pipes.Connect threaded water lines using provided connector fit- tings(do not use lubricants or sealants).Connect non-threaded water lines using provided fittings and cement, inserting pipe to full depth of each fitting(a short connector pipe may be provided to bridge the gap between sections). 5. Test.Test connections for leaks. 6. Seal floor.Securely replace insulation and access panels. ----- ----- Figure 53. Waterline cross- over with access panels p ft"I'll o 0 WATER LINES DROPPED BELOW BOTTOM BOARD // 1. Remove caps. Remove protective shipping caps from ends of pipes and make sure pipe ends are clean and smooth. 2. Connect pipes.Connect threaded water lines using flexible pipe or a rigid Choosing cement type. connector line(if provided)and connector fittings(do not use lubricants or Use the proper cement for water lines as it may differ sealants).Connect non-threaded water lines, pipe,and elbows with cement from the cement used for provided, inserting pipe to full depth of each fitting(Figure 54). the DWV system. 3. Test.Test connections for leaks. 4. Protect pipes.Wrap water lines with insulation and bottom board shipped loose with home or otherwise protect to prevent freezing.Tape bottom board using tape specially made for that purpose(may be provided)and staple with 7/16"x 1/2"staples at four inches o.c. around bottom board using a divergent (stitch)stapler or equivalent. If heat tape is used it must be listed for manufac- tured home use and be installed in compliance with manufacturer instructions. I— Marriage Line Supply Side Figure 54. Waterline cross- (Side With Water Heater) Receiving Side over through bottom board 7711 er L / \ / W a L'n Direction of flow ---)Jw Gasket Z Cap to Be Protective Cap Removed on Site Z _0 Water Line and Bbmks JShipped Loose to be J Added on Site Q H Z STEP 5. CONNECT DRAIN, WASTE, AND VENT LINES W Complete portions of the drain,waste,and vent(DWV)system that are below the floor M as follows: / 0 = 1. Remove caps. Remove shipping covers from pipes extending through the Providing required clear- bottom board; inspect pipes and fittings and clean them of dirt,obstructions, ances. Provide the drain 0 and burrs. outlet with a minimum m 2. Assemble pipes. Using the drain schematic drawing provided with the home, clearance of three inches in Qbegin assembling the DWV system starting at the location farthest from the any direction from all parts = sewer/septic connection and working towards the outlet,fastening the pipe of the structure or any ap- with cement or adjustable screw-clamp connectors, if provided (Figure 55). purtenances and with not Q As the system is assembled,support the piping with temporary blocking. less than 18 inches unre- n Unless otherwise noted on the schematic diagram, provide a minimum 1/4 stricted clearance directly in Palm Harbor Homes, Inc. 9/22/08 54 Apo IF Conforms to Crossovers HUD MHCSS 10/20/08 inch per foot slope towards the sewer/septic using a plumber's level.Where a front of the drain outlet. slope of 1/4 inch per foot cannot be maintained, use a minimum slope of 1/8 Provide any cleanouts with inch per foot and install of a full-size clean-out at the uppermost point of the a minimum clearance of 12 run (Figure 56). inches directly in front of its opening. Cement Coupling Figure 55.Drain crossover (Provided)to End of connection Ppas ==J Support VDrre.cfiown Drain Pipe F— 1Fa;EnCoupling Direction of Flow and Sbpe w and Slope (Providal)b Piping pg With Clangs Connection Pipe Coupler Figure 56.DWVsystem Drain Pipe Dust rain rain Dropout Dropo Supports Cover Dropout Sb ust Cover ust Sani E-� long Turn HI Cover Tee SlTbgLe Slope Wye Long Turn Tee Wye (SubsltuteforBbow lean-Out Plug 71 ang Tum DI and P_rt.a Full M BI Size Clean Out When To Sewer/Septic Required) 3. Test.Conduct a two-part leakage test on the completed drainage system as follows: • Part 1.With all fixtures connected,and all tub and shower drains plugged, / • / A fill the system with water to the rim of the toilet bowl through a higher fix- Choosing glues. Use only ture. Release all trapped air, replace tub and shower plugs, backfill fix- solvents and glues com- tures,and allow the system to stand at least 15 minutes. Check for leaks. patible with the pipe(ABS y Drain the system. If leaks are found, repair and retest. or PVC). Follow manufac- • Part 2. Plug all fixtures,sinks,showers,and tubs and fill with water. Re- turer's instructions. lease the water in all fixtures simultaneously to obtain the maximum pos- sible drain piping flow.As water is draining,check for leaks. If any are found, repair and retest. O 4. Connect to outlet.Connect the main drain line to the site sewer/septic hook- X up, using an approved elastomer coupling(Figure 57). _ O 9 M CA z CA D r O z 3 D z c D r 9/22/08 Palm Harbor Homes, Inc. 55 Connect CrossoversPFS#°5 CTD onforms to H11D MHCSS Figure 57.DWV connection 10/20/08 to sewer/septic Floo ��rt Examples of I Connection Pipe and Fittings(Not Supplied by the I w Manufacturer) Support Strap at Maximum of Feet on Center Cap and Chain Approved Coupler I I Site Sewer Hook Up 5. Install supports. Install permanent drain line supports at a distance of four feet o.c.or less(see Figure 55,Figure 57,and Figure 58). (2)0.131'DIax3;"Nails Figure 58.DWV pipe sup- Min.2K3Lumber port options 0.131'Diax3}^Nail Galy.or AIum.Sbip Min.1x3"Diax NNails Into Floor Joist Protect pipes from freez- 2)6 x z'x16GA ing. If the home is to be left st.ple0.131'Dix unheated in cold weather, 0.131'Diax3�N ails Each End pour antifreeze solution into all drain traps, including 2)staplesor sinks,tubs,and toilets. Be Screws Eau,side sure that the antifreeze is Galv.or Alan Slrip safe for the fixtures and P- Min.2x3 Lumber traps. Drain Pipe Installing quick disconnect fittings. Do not use tools, 6. Insulate. Replace all insulation and make sure all potentially exposed portions lubricants,or sealants with of the DWV system are well insulated to protect against freezing. quick disconnect fittings. J Q Gas test precautions. Do D STEP 6. CONNECT GAS LINES not connect to gas service Z The as crossover connection may use quick disconnect fittings or threaded connec- Q 9 Y 4 9 until tests described in tors. Find the connection location below the floor at the marriage line and gather the Connect Utilities have been Oconnectors(they may be shipped loose if not present under the home). successfully completed. H For quick disconnect fittings(Figure 59),remove any dust caps and then with one hand, pull back on the quick disconnect device, snap it over the quick disconnect adap- tor and release it to complete the connection. Q y For threaded connectors(Figure 60), remove the black cap and nipple(or any other Z_ plugs,such as a black iron plug)from both the supply and receiving sides and screw U) the connector onto the supply and return pipes as necessary. w 2 Check for leaks before connecting to gas service(see Connect Utilities,STEP 3. O CONNECT GAS SERVICE,p.81). 2 O m Q J Q a I Palm Harbor Homes, Inc. 9/22/08 56 Connect PPARSO! #®5 Crossovers orms to W Quids-Disconnect Figure 59. Gas crossover Male Fitting Flex I0Q0/08 Factory Installed ShnavffvaW with quick disconnect fittings Installed on Quids-Disconnect Inlet side Figure 60. Gas crossover Female Fitting Installed on Inlet Side Flex Connector with threaded connectors Factory Installed Male Cap Female Cap 77 / Z A C4 Female Cap Or Mate Cap C54 Installing wiring.When in- stalling telephone and ca- Direction of Gas Flow Direction of Gas Flowble television wires,do not damage electrical wires, STEP 7. CONNECT TELEPHONE AND CABLE TV WIRING plumbing lines, ducts. Serious personal injury or Install telephone and cable television wiring in accordance with the requirements of the death could result from LAHJ,the NEC,and NFPA No.70-2005.When making crossover connections or in- damage to electrical wires. stalling telephone or cable television wires,do not run them in the same raceway as,or in close proximity to, high voltage electrical conductors or cables. Wires should only be installed by trained professionals. 1110- .• to Complete the Interior(p. 58) n, D r 3 S D W O X x O 9 rn z Cn D r O z D z c D r 9/22/08 Palm Harbor Homes, Inc. 57 Complete the InteriorPFS Conforms to Complete the Interior HU/20/08 �oaoios This chapter covers the completion of the home's interior finishes including finishing walls, ceilings,flooring,trim, and mis- cellaneous items. Follow the Steps • - • STEP 1.ALIGN MARRIAGE WALLS (p. 58) STEP 2. FINISH GYPSUM BOARD(p. 58) STEP 3.COMPLETE WALL AND CEILING FINISHES(p. 58) V STEP 4. COMPLETE CARPET(p. 59) STEP 5. COMPLETE TRIM(p. 59) STEP 6.INSTALL SHIP LOOSE ITEMS(p.59) I I STEP 1. ALIGN MARRIAGE WALLS Align and secure walls at marriage line openings as follows: 1. Align walls.Align walls and clamp in place. 2. Fasten walls. Secure clamped walls together with metal straps or long screws so they do not move when the clamps are removed. Insert wood wedges in gaps between walls,and glue and screw to create a tight connec- tion. 3. Fill gaps. Fill any remaining gaps with wood or sheathing material. Does the home require patching and finishing gypsum board walls or ceil- •• to STEP 2. FINISH GYPSUM BOARD, • 00* • •• to STEP 3. COMPLETE • J STEP 2. FINISH GYPSUM BOARD z Finish all unfinished gypsum board walls and ceilings as follows: Q , 1. Install panels. Install ship loose gypsum panels using a 1/4 inch diameter / • // ZO bead of adhesive on all framing members and minimum 1-1/2 inch long dry- Fastening gypsum.When H wall screws, nails, or staples at six inches o.c. along panel edges and 12 attaching gypsum board, Q inches o.c. in the field into framing members. depress, but do not break Q 2. Mud seams. Mud and tape all seams and corners,filling all fastener depres- the paper face with the fas- sions. Follow mud manufacturer's directions. tener. Breaking the paper Z 3. Paint.When the final coat of mud is dry, prime and paint all unfinished gyp- will weaken the connection. sum board to match existing paint color and finish texture. Using alternative materials. N w Obtain the home manufac- Does the home have pre-finished - . panels ,.- turer's approval before us- ing interior finish materials 110- YES, •• to STEP 3. COMPLETE • other than those provided p with the home. m • •• to STEP 4. COMPLETE • • Q S ; STEP 3. COMPLETE WALL AND CEILING FINISHES aInstall interior ship loose wall and/or ceiling panels using a 1/4 inch diameter bead of polyvinyl acetate (PVA)adhesive on all framing members and fasten with minimum 1- Palm Harbor Homes, Inc. 9/22/08 58 #05 Complete Conforms to Interior RFI oo 1/0/20/08 1/2 inch long staples or nails at six inches o.c.along panel edges and 12 inches o.c. in the field into framing members. STEP 4. COMPLETE CARPET Install and seam ship loose or rolled carpet as follows: 1. Prepare floor.Clean the floor of all dirt and debris and smooth the floor deck / • // at the marriage line seams as necessary to ensure a level and smooth sur- Installing carpet. Only ex- face. perienced carpet installers 2. Lay pad. Lay down the carpet pad, if provided. should install carpet. Fail- 3. Stretch carpet. Ensuring all carpet"grain"runs in the same direction,fit and ure to follow the carpet secure the carpet using a power carpet stretcher. Stretch the carpet up to the manufacturer's directions seam and tack it down temporarily until the carpet is seamed. may void the carpet war- 4. Butter carpet."Butter'with carpet adhesive the edges of the carpet along the ranty. seam. 5. Seam carpet. Place heat bond tape under the seam with the glue side next to the carpet and apply heat from a seaming iron to the top of the seam, press- ing the carpet into the glue. Stagger seams. 6. Keep scraps. Retain reasonable size carpet scraps to protect carpet and Stagger all seams. For ex- flooring during move-in. ample, locate the carpet pad seam three inches to STEP 5. COMPLETE TRIM left of marriage line and the Using fine gauge wire staples or pin nails, install ship loose molding and wainscot pan- carpet seam three inches to eling to finish trimming out ceilings, marriage line walls,front and rear end walls,and right of marriage line. passageway doors where necessary. STEP 6. INSTALL SHIP LOOSE ITEMS Remove all strapping, blocking,and packaging from appliances,windows,and doors. Install any drapes, mini-blinds, mirrors,door stops,closet shelves, and hardware per the product manufacturer's installation instructions. Proceed based on the foundation type: Illo- Pier • ground • •• to Install Stabilizing • 61 10- Load bearing perimeter wall, go to Connect Utilities (p. 75). r D X Im O X x O 3 m CA z D r r D O z D z c D r 9/22/08 Palm Harbor Homes, Inc. 59 i Install ' ' PFS#05 CSystems onforms to -HUED)MHCSS-- 10/20/08 Install Stabilizing Systems This chapter covers the design and installation of the stabilizing system which secures the home against lateral and up- ward forces caused by wind.The system covered here uses earth (or ground)anchors and steel straps connected to the home's longitudinal steel beams and/or exterior walls.Stabilizer plates may also be used to prevent the anchor head from moving laterally in the ground.An anchor,strap,and stabilizer plate(if used)together are referred to as a tie-down. Anchors can also be mounted in concrete footings when there is enough concrete mass(weight)to resist the lateral and upward forces.This type of system is not covered in this manual. below:Follow the Steps STEP 1. DETERMINE ANCHOR LOCATIONS(p. 60) STEP 2. DETERMINE TIE-DOWN CONFIGURATION (p. 69) STEP 3.SELECT ANCHORS (p.69) STEP 4. INSTALL ANCHORS (p.70) V STEP 5. INSTALL STRAPS(p.71) STEP 6.TIGHTEN AND ADJUST STRAPS(p. 74) STEP 1. DETERMINE ANCHOR LOCATIONS Create a sketch of the home plan showing the exterior walls, marriage line(s)(if any) and frame I-beams(this will be similar to the base sketch created in Prepare Footings, page 17). Need for a stabilizing sys- See Table 21 for a list of anchor locations,types,and where they are required. Pages tem.The manufactured where the requirements are provided are noted in the last column. home must be secured As each anchor location is determined,mark it on the sketch, noting important dimen- against the wind by the use sions such as spacing between anchors.When complete,this will be the home's tie- of an anchor assembly or down plan(Figure 61 and Figure 62). an alternative foundation system.Where site or other TABLE 21.ANCHOR LOCATION TYPES conditions prohibit the use of the manufacturer's in- ' structions,a registered en- �ffi Frame Yes Yes 61 gineer or registered archi- tect must design the stabi- Vertical No' Yes 65 lizing system. Frame Sometimes Yes 65 Flood and seismic forces. Vertical No No N/A The stabilizing system re- Vertical No No N/A quirements in this chapter do not consider flood or Vertical No Yes 66 seismic loads and are not Frame Yes Yes 66 intended for use in flood or Tag Unit Vertical No Yes 66 seismic hazard areas. In those areas retain a regis- Porch Post Yes 66 tered engineer or registered • Yes Yes 66 architect to design the sta- Connect any factory-installed sidewall tie-down straps to a ground anchor regardless of the wind bilizing system. zone in which the home is placed. 2.Install interior shear wall anchors and marriage line anchors prior to moving the home over the top of the anchor locations and then return to Set the Home or Complete Multi-Section Set re- spectively. Figure 61 and Figure 62 illustrate typical anchor locations for a double-section home in Wind Zone I and Wind Zones II and III respectively. Palm Harbor Homes, Inc. 9/22/08 60 #OS Install Stabilizing-__0 PFS '0 Systems -------- - -- —Conformslo--.. HUD MHCSS 10/20/08 Sidewall Figure 61. Typical anchor Frame locations fora double-section Tie-Down home in Wind Zone I I-Beam End Wall Tie-Downs -- —------------------------------- -- (Some Houses) Marriage --�-------------------------------�-- Line --- - K ?,Strap�Anchor Head ---a24" max to 1st Anchor, Vertical Tie- typical all ends. ®Down Standard Pier Area Figure 62. Typical anchor 2,r max to 19 anchor locations for a double-section Large opering typical each end. 44g or Wore home in Wind Zones 11 or 111 — —C��--- — — ---- ---- Longitudinal —Longltudlnal �� ' art Anchors , --- ------------------------- Larye openng---- ——— INarriage .+ Line — �a { • ;Small pesoSmall peso • rt ---��---- ——— ————— ————— -- — --- - Column Vertical +� Tie Dawn -Beam ; 'TONAL; m — —� --- --- ----- — ---- mod- r Lateral Frame 4 'w The-0own V i�"1~• t tt •`/. �% • I High Pier Area Standard Pier Area Sidewall " Vertical Lateral Frame Tie-Downs The-Down r to Far Beam SIDEWALL FRAME ANCHORS D Use Table 22,Table 23 and Table 24 to determine the spacing between anchors for O Wind Zones I, II,and III, respectively. Spacing requirements will vary depending on the 0 type of home(single or multi-section),the slope of the roof,the width of the floor for Maximum spacing re- _ each section,the sidewall height, I-beam spacing,and the height from the ground to quirements.The LAHJ 0 the strap attachment point. Determine the values for the home. Using the table for the may have anchor spacing 3 appropriate wind zone,determine the column and row that corresponds to the charac- requirements that super- m teristics of the home.The value on the tables is the maximum distance between an- cede the values provided in chors. Keep in mind that sidewall frame tie-downs must be located no more than two this manual. Cn feet from each end wall. D Notes to Tables: r 1. Designs based on max 99'/z" I-Beam spacing. 2.Tables apply to both Multi section and Tag units and are for Exposure"C"sites. Z 3.When using the FAR beam method and utilities prevent strap from being properly installed to the top of the Main I-beam,the strap may alternatively depart from the bottom of the beam, Z but must be within 3"of a crossmember or approved I-beam brace. C D r 9/22/08 Palm Harbor Homes, Inc. 61 Install Stabilizing PSystems FS#os Conforms to HUD MHCSS Iko ]0/20/08 TABLE 22.WIND ZONE I SIDEWALL FRAME ANCHOR MAXIMUM SPACING Roof slope maximum 4.35112 Roof slope maximum 6112 Height from t degrees) Floorground to Sidewall I-beam spac- strap at- Single section or Single section or Double section Double 20"to 24" 11'-3" 7'-3" 25'to 32" 9'-3' S'-9' 33"to 40' T-10" 4'-9" 41"to 48" 6-9" 4'-W 49"to 56 5'-11" T-6" 57"to 64" 5'-3' NIA 20"to 24" 9'-6" 6'-3" 25"to 32" T-10" 5'-0" More�than 33"to 40" 6'-8" 4'-2" 9, t 41"to 48' 5'-9" T-6" 49"to 56 5'-0" T-0" 57"to 64" 4'-5" N/A 20"to 24" 13'-9" 9'-10" 25"to 32" 12'-0" 8'-4" 33"to 40" 10'-7" T-2" 99 max 41"to 48" 911" 6'-3" 49'to 56 8'-4" 5'-6" 57"to 64" 7'-6" 4'-11" .1 20"to 24" 11'-6" 8'-7" 25"to 32" 10'-2" 7'-3" More than 33"to 40" 8'-10' 6'-3" • t 41"to 48" 7'-10" 5'-5" 49"to 56 7'-0" 4'-9" 57'to 64' 6'-4" 4'-3" 20"to 24" 15'-3" 11'4" 25"to 32" 14'-0" 10'-3" 33"to 40" 12'-10" 9'-2" 41"to 48" 11'-8" 8'-3' 49"to 56 10'-8" T-6" Sr to 64" 9'-10" 6%9" 20"to 24" 12'-8" 9'-11" 25.to 32' 11'-6' 9'-0" More than 33"to 40" 10'-5" 8'-0" . t 41"to 48" 9'-6 7'-3 49'to 56 8'-7" 6'-6" 57"to 64" T-10" 5'-11" 20"to 24" 16'-0" 111-8" 25"to 32" 15'-2" 10'-10" 33"to 40" 14'-2" 10'-0" 41"to 48" 13'-2" 9'-4" 49"to 56 12'3" 8'7' 57"to 64" 11'-5" 7'11" t 20"to 24" 13'-6" 10'-3" 25"to32• 12';9" /I��t � 9'-r 33"to 40" 11'-11" %% El A 8'-10" 41"to 48" 11'4" •`• ��• 5r to 64' 9'-8"+• r *Anchors and straps are installed along each side wall(must be opposes etch iftr on'S rlg ct "ee Figure 66. r /'% 3 N r or `• 1 �* Palm Harbor Homes, Inc. de t 9/22/08 62 �� (; •�� rjW#0050_00 Systems rms to HUD MHCSS 10/20/08 TABLE 23.SINGLE SECTION WIND ZONE II&III SIDEWALL FRAME ANCHOR MAXIMUM SPACING d Zone III Height from ground to strap Height from ground to strap Win Sidewall .. FloorAttachment(in) Attachment(in) 4'-0" 46 80 34 80 5'-4" 30 80 20 80 6-8" 20 80 n/a 46 14 wide min floor 8'-0" n/a 52 n/a n/a .1 width 4'-0" 35 80 n/a 80 More than 991/2 5'-4" 21 80 n/a 50 6'-8" n/a 46 n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a 4'-0" 70 80 50 80 991/2 5-4" 44 80 28 80 6'-8" 28 80 n/a 46 16 wide 8'-0" n/a 54 n/a-: n/a :1floor width 4'-0" 49 80 34 80 More than 99 1/2 54' 29 80 n/a 56 0 6'1" n/a 52 n/a n/a 8'-0" n/a n/a n/a n/a 4'-0" 80 80 64 80 5'-4" 56 80 36 80 6'-8" 36 80 20 46 .- 8'-0" n/a 54 n/a n/a More than•• • 4'-0" 68 80 46 80 5'-4' 39 80 22 55 t 6'-8" n/a 52 n/a n/a 8'-0" n/a n/a n/a n/a *For near and far beam installation,see Figure 66. Example: 18 ft wide x 60 ft long with 7'-6"side wall installed in Wind Zone II. Factory installed Vertical Tie spacing is 6ft- 8in.The maximum height from anchor to bottom of floor must be 36"or less for"Near beam"attachment.The height may Y be increased to 80"when the"Far beam"method is used. Note:The maximum height from ground to strap attachment in- r cludes the I-Beam height. 3 2 D O X `�611t1�� 0 Im W • Z t do NC. PiiZ;r: .: +7?dAl; D ow D � 3 D Z C D r 9/22/08 Palm Harbor Homes, Inc. 63 Install Stabilizing i #05 Systems Conforms to HUD MHCSS 10/20/OS TABLE 24. MULTI-SECTION WIND ZONE 11&III SIDEWALL FRAME ANCHOR MAXIMUM SPACING Wind Zone 11 Wind Zone III .. Height from ground to strap at- 4'-0" 28 80 20 80 6-4" We 80 n/a 80' 6-8" n/a 80 n/a 38 ' 8'-0" n/a 48 n/a n/a 1 Mi mi o 4'-0" 80 80 width • - Near beam method can Near beam method can 5 4- 80 44 not be used. not be used. 6'-8" 46 n/a 4'-0" 46 80 33 80 5'-4" 32 80 n/a 80 6'-8" 20 80 n/a 40 14 wide 8'-0• n/a 52 n/a n/a tali" •• th 4'-0" 36 80 Near beam method can 80 • More than 991/2 5'-4" 21 80 not be used. 48 ' 6'8" t Neither method can be used for anchor spacing greater than 5'-4" 8'-0" 4'-0" 64 80 44 80 991/2 5'1" 40 64 24 80 6-8" 26 44 n/a 38 16 wide 8'-0" n/a 32 n/a n/a :1 .• 4'-0" 50 80 Near beam method can 80 width More than 5'-4" 30 80 not be used. 50. 6.-8" In ' t Neither method can be used for anchor spacing greater than 5'4" 4'-0" 80 80 60 80 5'1" 57 80 32 80 6'-8" 36 80 n/a 36 0 4'-0" 70 80 Near beam method can 80 • 5'-4" 41 80 not be used. 52 6 8 Neither method can be used for anchor spacing greater than 54" 8'-0" For near and far beam installation,see Figure 66. t%1/1111111 11 Pie. are. ��...3XAL41PA AV e�11111 Palm Harbor Homes, Inc. 9/22/08 64 /IFS#os �Stabilizing _ C9 Systems onforms to HUD MHCSS 10/20/08 SIDEWALL VERTICAL ANCHORS Homes designed for Wind Zones II and III also require vertical tie-downs along the sidewalls.The vertical tie-down anchor straps(or brackets for connecting to the home) are factory installed and indicate the locations.Vertical and frame sidewall tie-downs may connect to one double-headed anchor or each to its own dedicated anchor. Any factory-installed sidewall tie-down straps must be connected to a ground anchor regadless of the wind zone in ENDrWALL FRAME ANCHORS which the home is placed. MtIIt�I�� End wall frame tie-downs are especially important for homes that are wider and have «*+ 1"+ �'1 higher roof pitches because those features increase the surface area exposed to wind L loads at the ends of the home. Use Table 25 to determine the number of end wall * ,• frame anchors required at the each end of each home section. Palm Harbor Homes 0• recommends the use of Longitudinal Stabilizing Devices(LSD)or other ap- `_ • '• proved systems. These devices or systems are NOT provided by Palm Harbor ;PRUr,;- ,.; .� Homes. Companies,such as Tie-Down Engineering, Inc., and other manufactur- ers,may be contacted to obtain such devices. Table 25 is based on Tie-Down dP .`+' •,* � Engineering's LSD system. Consult specific requirements for other products �� `•. � � ••' t!�� ► used. !; •....... Y% `�Y For Tie-Down Engineering, call toll free 1.800.241.1806, to locate the nearest sup- 11•111 O plier of Tie-down Engineering anchoring systems. TABLE 25. LONGITUDINAL STABILIZING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS TIE-DOWN ENGINEERING LSD A Wind Zone I Wind Zone I Wind Zone III sidewall Maximum section section section section section section section section section height roof pitch width width width width width width width s i 4.35/12 1 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 3 • 7/12 1 2 2 2 2 3 2 3 3 i 4.35/12 2 3 3 3 4 5 4 5 6 15 .0 • 7/12 3 3 4 4 5 6 5 6 7 t 4.35112 3 4 5 5 7 8 6 8 9 D r Cn 3 • 1 7/12 4 5 6 7 8 10 8 10 12 = D ao O Typical Longitudinal Stabilizing Device Figure 63 Typical Longitudinal ;0 Stabilizing Device = Unit Main I-Beam O max. 45 deg Note:where adjacent piers inter- 9 fere with location of LSD, pier U) may be offset as shown. Typ. to Pier Yr� For number of Frame anchors L_ Adjustment using conventional ground an- p may be made increase reduce Z chors, refer to Table 31, Table on both sides spac'g spac'g 32,or Table 33. D of device max. 2x design spacing c D r 9/22/08 Palm Harbor Homes, Inc. 65 Install Stabilizing #05 Systems PFS Conforms to HL'D'.1fHCS5 _ _ - 10/20/08 Column studs @ Figure 64 Marriage Wall Col- end of marriage umn Anchoring line opening FACTORY INSTALLED COLUM ANCHOR BRACK CONNECT TO ANCHOR(: • AND STRAP(S)SUPPLIEI •••• BY OTHER t 8"MIN 12"MAX ti STRAP „MIN '4Ftil�t �+' 4 COLUMN 12 MAX ��IR �••'•�. aaa••`• * 4STRAP 1 1 (6)#10 x L screwsTO C COLUMN ea side of bracket .041 fl 0 �AP for a total of(12) l� MARRIAGE LINE VERTICAL ANCHORS(WIND ZONES II AND Ill ONLY) In Wind Zones II and III, marriage line anchors are required at each column along the marriage wall. / t , • // Required brackets have been factory installed at their proper location and number of When to install marriage brackets required. In addition to installing anchor(s)and strap(s)at these locations, the line anchors.Anchors marriage line rim joists of adjacent sections must be fastened together with#10 Wood along the marriage line Screws, long enough to penetrate receiving member 1 %". Install(6)screws each side must be installed prior to of bracket(s). Figure 64 the second half of a multi- section home being set. TAG UNIT FRAME ANCHORS Same as main unit anchoring. See Table 22,Table 23. TAG UNIT VERTICAL ANCHORS Same as main unit vertical anchors. PORCH POST ANCHORS Porch posts have factory installed brackets that must connect to anchors with straps. Brackets are the same as shown in Figure 64, but need not be connected into adjacent marriage wall rim joists. OFFSET UNIT ANCHORS Multi wide units,offset from each other,or where one section is longer than the other, require anchors spaced along exposed marriage wall side,as shown in Figure 65 be- low. Notes: 1. For offsets 4'-0"or less,only one anchor and strap at 2'-0"is required. 2. Longitudinal tie and column tie installation to be per the applicable requirements in this manual. 3. Standard tie down spacings along side wall sides of each section. 4.When anchor angle specified can not be achieved, install an approved stabilizer plate. Palm Harbor Homes, Inc. 9/22/08 66 L9 'oul 'sawoH aogaeH wled 80/ZZ/6 917-0t' Ob .0-19 917-Oti 8E 110-19 Z/,66 OZZ 9191 • Q 9b-Ob Zti 110-19 9fr-OV 0lv 110-19 Z 60Z 9E-OE OE 110-19081 9E-OE 6E .10-19 Z 1 66 , 9E-OE t7E 110-19 9E-OE Zt7 „0-19 96 Z OE-9Z 9Z 110-117 9Z ZE 110-37 O 861 OE-9Z OE 10-117 EL 1 9Z 9E ,A-,b F- cn • • , Z_ W O ►il$?aH Iln," ap!S urnurrxviu„911 'I auOZ Pu!M 'Mull lasf`./O LZ alge L O 0D tY Q 99-09 8Z 110-IL 09-0t7 8E 119-IL Zh 66 9'961 E'E9l •• Q 99-09 OE 110-IL 09-Ob Ob „9-IL �/ 96 a 9ti-017 tiE 110-19 9b-OV 9c 110-IL Z/�66 L'Z81 ti91 Z 1 9b-0t7 Be 110-19 9ti-OV 8E „0-1L �/ 96 9E-OE tie .0-,9 9E-OE ZE 1.0-19 66 BILL 8'9ti1 - 9£-0£ 9E-OE 9E 110-19 _ . . • _ • . . mwH .• -• .• -• Jy&aH 11vM aplS uLnuLlxvw„96 I auoZ purM 'SPIQ lasffo 9Z algel *. - • ln A13N NYid i •i f/31ON 33S (31vY1 HON3NV 81 SZU) l i " 0—O .Z i 66 —.Z t S6 m Usti (xvn) (X! pw ; .0-,b� �0-tL s iw : ap aas 0 D w• E.0 • •* Cl MON 33S Z/l a• � N If 1. S31vld uJiniHv15 j f• ti y. coo MOUN HO 31"dDH3NV nnwadO =p XVM.9 xg 5� (31Bv1 33S) HIM x 'tcg LtNn MOM NO ONY9 I ca Sy 1HO13H 1tv %WH m,?!A pu-7 puv uvl(l 'spun JasffO S9 aan�lia j soiovol SSJHW Qf1H o)souppoJ SWOISAS AV BuizillqelSSu# 100 00 cc v LO 00 N N / 1 m o LO 0 0 m LOLO o 0 0 Lo In su • • 0 m o m o o co • CD CDm m LO o It cu W c yooe • u • co v 00 v N v co co 0 0 0 v • Co cl' Co CD • M N w m Co w • • O O O04 0 O 0 O O / • 1 1 1 v M M m LO m coo coo CD c`no 1 I I I i 080�6 d►'0�i o 0 LO o 0 0 0 LO LO 0 LO 0 LO + ^ n ��e 0•' _ • LO 0 LO LO 0 0 • 0 0 LO 0 0 0 M v M v v v v It v v v /CCa• ra i �;�jr 9 Q 0o N N N 00 N co Co m Co M 00 ••••a•• d••••�O,�t CO r r d' r Cl) tt co Cl) n LO v in v in = fn ib4 �41; 'v - v v CN a � c'i v N N M N M N C N N M N M N M 00 N N _ • , d F 00 CD N #05Install C a Systems onforms to HUD MHCSS 10/20/08 EXTERIOR SIDEWALL 0.036 X 1 114•TIE-DOWN -EXTERIOR SIDEWALL STRAP OR BRACKET INSTALLED AT FACTORY OD35 X fTRAPO iN'TIE-DOWT INTERIOR CROSS MEMBER i SSTALLE AT INSTALLEDAT FACTORY r MAN MAM MAN FBEAM •J W rc S DOUBLE ZQQO �¢•' MFAOED �L'S MERIOR Q� �bR p Z1 0 I CROSS MEMBER Td�S q J_ j_ 0.035 SS 1 D B7INSTAU1 STRAP RJRNISH®BY NSTALLER GROUND LEVEL / \ 0.035 X 111r TIE-DOM j/I '—GROUND LEVEL SEE NOTE 3 N STEP 1 f/ STRAP FURNISHED BY INSTALLER Ary/•a encna.4•n a wealaro dwic•h u•.d Figure 66. Lateral tie-down con- STEP 2. DETERMINE TIE-DOWN CONFIGURATION figurations There are two primary tie-down configurations:the near beam and the far beam meth- ods. (Figure 63). • Near beam method. For all Wind Zones, connect an anchor strap from the anchor head to the beam closest to the anchor. See Figure 67. In-line anchor configuration and Figure 68. Stabilizer plate configuration.For Wind Zones II and III connect a vertical strap from the sidewall factory installed tie of the home to the anchor head using a double-headed anchor;connect the other strap to the beam closest to the anchor. Refer to Table 22 for maximum heights from ground. • Far beam method. For Wind Zones 11 and III connect one anchor strap from the anchor head (using a double-headed anchor)to the home's near beam or far beam and one to the sidewall of the home. Refer to Table 23 andTable 24 for maximum heights from ground. STEP 3. SELECT ANCHORS Use the torque probe results from Prepare the Site,STEP 5. DETERMINE SOIL- BEARING CAPACITY AND FROST LINE(p. 14)and the anchor manufacturer instruc- tions;select the type and length of anchor to use.The installed ground anchor size (length)must be listed(i.e.approved)for the soil class. Make sure the anchor is of sufficient length such that the top of the helix is below the frost line. Select a shaft diameter sufficient to resist excessive torsion, "ring-off'(when -D the helix or anchor head separates from shaft)or shaft splitting.Consult the anchor D supplier for guidance. Review all of STEP 3. INSTALL ANCHORS(p.69)and STEP 4.INSTALL STRAPS D (p.70)before making final anchor selections to determine when single-headed vs. W double-headed anchors should be used. Follow the specifications in Table 30 when se- lecting stabilizing system components. X 2 TABLE 30.ANCHOR SYSTEM MATERIALS SPECIFICATIONS "Componentm Cn nchors must be tested and listed to resist a minimum ultimate load of 4,725 Ibs and a minimum allowableZ orking load of 3,150 Ibs or ultimate and corresponding working load limited by soil conditions and anchor fn Anchors length.The working load is the maximum load the designer can use.Ground anchors must be provided D with protection against weather deterioration and corrosion at least equivalent to that provided by a coating r of zinc on steel of not less than 0.30 oz per sq ft of surface coated. Straps must be minimum 1-1/4"x 0.035"zinc-coated(0.30 oz per sq ft)steel strapping conforming to ASTM D3953-97,Type 1,Grade 1,Finish B with a minimum allowable working load capacity of 3,150 Ibs O Straps and a minimum ultimate load of 4,725 lbs.Slit or cut edges of zinc-coated strapping do not need to be zinc Z coated. D The size and type of stabilizer plate,if required by the ground anchor manufacturer,will be specified in the Z anchor manufacturer's instructions.Stabilizer plates must be provided with protection against weather C Stabilizerdeterioration and corrosion at least equivalent to that provided by a coating of zinc on steel of not less than r 0.30 oz per sq ft of surface coated.Alternatively,ABS stabilizer plates may be used when listed and certi- fied for such use. 9/22/08 Palm Harbor Homes, Inc. 69 Install • • PFS#°5 CSystems onforms to -- - --— HUD MHCSS 10/20/08 STEP 4. INSTALL ANCHORS Before beginning anchor installation,check for obstructions under the home such as piers and frame members that may interfere with the tie down strapping. Check with utility companies to determine the location of underground utilities,such as electrical and phone lines,and water,sewer,and gas pipes that may be buried in potential an chor locations.Also check for homeowner-installed wires and pipes, such as those Grading area connecting exterior lighting or sheds to the home.These must also be avoided. around anchors.Anchor heads should not rest in FRAME ANCHORS sunken spots. Grade the Frame anchors can be installed in two ways, in-line and against a stabilizer plate.The ground so that water does two methods are discussed below: not collect around anchor heads, but runs away from In-Line Configuration the anchor and out from The in-line configuration(Figure 67)for homes can be used in Wind Zone I only.Typi- under the home. Do not cally, in-line anchors are used under high homes where the anchors can be installed bury anchor heads. from under the home after the home is set. In-line anchors can also be installed before the home is set, however, precisely aligning the anchor with the home both vertically and horizontally is difficult. Using swivel connectors for the strap to beam connection can provide some horizontal flexibility. To install in-line frame anchors,drive the anchor into the ground at an angle and loca- tion such that a straight line can be drawn from the tip of the anchor through the anchor head and to the connection point on the I-beam(Figure 68). Figure 67. In-line anchor configuration Figure 68.Stabilizer plate Man Main configuration Beam Beam Sidewall Frame Sidewall Frame Tie-0own Strap Pier Tie-Down Strap Pier Ground Ground Ari&orvAth Anchor Stabilizer Plate I I ' Stabilizer Plate Configuration Stabilizer plate configurations(Figure 68)are suitable for homes in all wind zones.An- chors may be installed after the home is set.A stabilizer device,typically an ABS or metal plate,is used to prevent the top of the anchor from slicing through the soil when the load is applied.Stabilizer plates are available in a variety of widths.Choose the widest plate that can be driven into the soil to maximize resistance to movement.The LAHJ may have stabilizer plate requirements. Install anchors with stabilizer plates as follows: 1. Locate anchor. Select a location for the anchor under the home but within six inches of the exterior wall (Figure 69). Avoid locations that will interfere with skirting. I I I�I - -- -- -- --------------- -... Palm Harbor Homes, Inc. 9/22/08 70 i Install Stabilizing Systems __. — --Csnforms to.__.. HUD MHCSS 10/20/08 Figure 69. Determining an- chor and stabilizer plate loca- tion �g Max 412'�AnStabltrs I I Plate i 2. Install anchor.To assure that the anchor attachment point will end up at the stabilizer plate, start the anchor insertion approximately 12 inches back from from the desired location if using a 48 inch long anchor,or approximately 16 inches if using a 60 inch long anchor. Install the anchor at about 15 degrees off vertical,with the head tilted away from the home. Install the anchor to a @Soil depression. depth of approximately one half its length. Do not locate anchor heads 3. Drive stabilizer plate. Drive the stabilizer plate into the ground to its full depth in soil depressions where at the point determined in Step 1. water may pool. 4. Complete anchor installation.Screw the anchor the rest of the way into the ground.The finished anchor must be installed to its full depth. VERTICAL ANCHORS To install vertical anchors,screw the anchor into the ground directly under the strap at- tachment point on the home until the bottom of the anchor head is flush with the ground or no more than one inch above grade. STEP 5. INSTALL STRAPS Follow the instructions below to connect straps from the home to sidewall frame, end wall frame and vertical anchors. Always protect straps at sharp corners including around I-beams with radius clips or other methods(Figure 70). Radius clips may be fabricated from 26ga(min)by 1 '/,- inch wide galvanized steel strap formed to fit around corners. M D Figure 70.Radius clips r 3 Longitudal D Bracket W Protect Top and O Bottom of Beam if I-Beam 0 CV Soap is Wrapped Amund Beam = c— 0 m W z to SPLICING STRAPS y Splicing may be required when a pre-cut strap is of insufficient length. Splices in tie- r r down straps are not permitted in a 'Y'configuration.Overlap straps by 12 inches,ap- > plying one splice clip from above and the other from below; use a crimping tool to tightly seal the splice clips(Figure 71). Do not run any portion of the splice through an Z anchor head bolt. 3 D z c D r 9/22/08 Palm Harbor Homes, Inc. 71 StabilizingInstall #05 SystemsConforms to HUD MHCSS 10/ZO/08 Figure 71. Tie-down strap splice Apply Splice Clips In Direction of Arrows Strap i T 'Y'Splice Approx. 12" Not NO Permitted SIDEWALL FRAME ANCHORS Install straps to sidewall frame anchors as follows: 1. Connect strap to home.Connect one end of the strap to the home connec- tion point using approved buckles or clips(swivel or hook clip preferred). Figure 72.Strap to beam 1 connection Ta G A Strap to beam connection. Regardless of the strap 0 supplier's recommenda- Wrap strap around main O Connect hook totopof sups,the strap must be beam main beam and connect connected to the top of the other end ofstrapto main beam to prevent anchor head. damage to the structure. tic ckw,7 Main eaam i Maw 3 SYdval Up 2. Connect strap to anchor.Connect the other end of the strap to the split bolt in the anchor. Leave enough strap length to be able to make at least three, but no more than five complete turns around the bolt before it becomes tight (approximately 2 1/2 inches per turn or 7 1/2 to 13 inches total). Fewer than three turns and the strap may not hold onto the bolt when force is applied. Conversely, more than five turns may not fit within the U-channel of the an- chor head. Follow the procedure outlined in Figure 73. Palm Harbor Homes, Inc. 9/22/08 72 PFS#°5 Stabilizing a Systems Conforms to HUD_MMHCSS t 0/20/08 OInsert the tension bolt into the qO Place the strap through the slotted O Using a 15/16"socket or open end anchor head and loosely attach shank of the tension boltand bend wrench,rotate clockwise,wrapping the hex nut. up to 90°. the strap around the tension bolt. OOnce tensioned to thepontthat Once fully tensioned,align the If approved by the manufacturer, counterclockwise resistance square neck of theboftwiththe double head anchors may be used appears,use a 50 open end square recess in the anchorhead for both diagonal and vertical wrench to hold thesquareneck and tighten the hex nut. This will tie-down strap tensioning.Tension while repositioning the 15116" draw the two togetherand lock the the diagonal tie-down strap first. tensioning wrench to continue system into final position. Follow Steps 3 through 7toinstall tensioning. Repeat as required. straps to anchorhead. Figure 73. Procedure for connecting the strap to frame and anchor 3. Pretension anchor. For anchors with stabilizer plates,pretension the anchor by pulling it up to the stabilizer plate using the strap and take-up bolt to move the anchor head. Continue pulling the strap until the plate moves a small amount(about 1/2 inch).This is called packing the plate and it will yield the • strongest resistance(the bottom of the anchor head should be maximum 1/4 Anchor head location.As y inch above the top of the stabilizer plate). the anchor is pulled up to 3 END WALL FRAME ANCHORS meet the stabilizer plate, _ Attach straps to the bracket welded by the manufacturer to the frame(Figure 74). If no the head of the anchor will Drise. In its final position,the X brackets have been installed, use approved beam clamps designed specifically for this O bottom of the anchor head 1111 purpose,available from anchor suppliers.Connect straps to anchors following same should be no more than 1/4 0 procedure as for sidewall frame anchors. inch above the top of the 2O stabilizer plate. 3 Figure 74. End wall frame ------ --. —� anchor attachment method Z Main Beam Bracket\ D Pier End Wall Tie-Down Strap 30-50 Degrees _I 11—II L I_ 1rt rrr I�� -III Z Li 11 L�LL I I'I�I LI IU I��w Ll.l I11�1—I 3 II II E 1—1-11�I I Stabiizar Plat Z 9/22/08 Palm Harbor Homes, Inc. 73 Install Stabilizing Systems PFS#°5 _ ---- - Conforms ko. HOD MHCSS The following tables tabulate minimum number of longitudinal(frame)anchors required 10n0i08 each end,when conventional anchors are used. Table 31 and 32 are not limited to maximum pier heights,except as limited by other de- tails. Table 33 limits pier height and minimum unit length as tabulated. Table 31 Longitudinal Ties, Wind Zone 1, 96"Side Wall mar, 4.35112 rnax Roof Pitch MINIMUM MINIMUM STRAP ANGLE FROM VERTICAL QUANTITY, EACH . OF DOUBLE EACH SECTION 2 24 26 29 2 39 33 37 2 34 40 45 2 41 49 58 Table 32 Longitudinal Ties, Wind Zone 1, 108"Side Wall max, 7112 max Roof Pitch MINIMUM MINIMUM STRAP ANGLE FROM VERTICAL I FLOOR WIDTH QUANTITY, EACH . • .• EACH SECTION r 2 N/A 42 50 • 2 NIA 52 38 ..• �,� �° 2 NIA 39 47 s Table 33 Longitudinal Ties, Wind Zone 1, 108"max Side Wall, 7112 mar Roof Pitch "' I ' .• • • fi + �7i:. fi 4 ! ••- ■w�IE1M♦ �Olf N ! + l,� YqAL t i 0 58'-0" 24" 56'/2" 50'-0" 24" 53 Yz" %'�` �I •+ <(,`w` • 0 64'-0" 24" 55" 56'-0" 24" 52'/:" 2 34'-0" 24" 55" 40'-0" 24" 52'/2" 0 70'-0" 24" 54" 60'-0" 24" 52" 2 42'-0" 24" 54" 46'-0" 24" 52" 0 75'-6" 24" 54" 66'-0" 23'/2" 51" 2 50'-0" 24" 54" 52'-0" 23'/2" 51" Note:minimum strap angle is 40°.Minimum number of ties is total each end to be split over all sections. For units not meeting the minimum length requirement,use stabilizing systems as described in Figure 63 typical longitudinal stabilizing device. STEP 6. TIGHTEN AND ADJUST STRAPS After all anchors have been installed and pre-tensioned, recheck all anchor straps to assure that they are tight and that the anchor shafts have remained in contact with the stabilizer plates. Do not over-tension straps. .• to • Palm Harbor Homes, Inc. 9/22/08 74 4 P #°5 Connect Utilities Conforms to FS HUD MHCSS Connect Utilities 10/20/08 This chapter contains procedures and requirements for the connection and testing of utility hook-ups. Responsibility for making utility connections varies by location.Consult the LAHJ and the utility before connecting the home to any utilities. Follow the Steps • - • STEP 1. CONNECT ELECTRICAL SERVICE(p. 75) STEP 2.CONNECT WATER SERVICE(p. 78) STEP 3.CONNECT GAS SERVICE(p.81) STEP 4.CONNECT OIL SERVICE(p. 82) STEP 1. CONNECT ELECTRICAL SERVICE The home is designed for connection to an electrical wiring system rated at 120/240 volt AC. All electrical field work must be done by a licensed electrician or other person / ?VZA approved by the LAHJ. Special precautions when FEEDER WIRE AND EQUIPMENT SIZES installing electrical ser- The current rating(in amperes)of the home can be found on the tag located on the vice. Installation of the outside next to the feeder or service entrance,and on the electrical distribution panel. electric power to the home Using this information,determine the required feeder wire size from Table 34. These can cause exposure to live sizes are based on an ambient temperature of 86 degrees Fahrenheit and do not take electrical circuits. Exposure voltage drop into consideration. to live electrical circuits or improper grounding of the Acceptable conductor types are: RHH, RHW, RHW-2,THHN,THHW,THW,THW2, conductor in the panel THWN,THWN-2, XHHW, XHHW-2, SE, USE,and USE-2. board may result in severe TABLE 34. ELECTRICAL FEEDER WIRE AND EQUIPMENT SIZES FOR COP- shock or possible electro- PER CONDUCTORS cution.A qualified installer must make the connections for the electric power. 1 White Green i Bare Black (Neutral) ',(Grounding) Ground ... (Pow .. . D r 50 35 NA 1 #4 #8 #10 #8 9 100 70 10x10x4 1-1/4 #4 #4 #8 #8 = D 200 140 10x16x4 2 210 1/0 #6 #4 225 158 10x16x4 2 3/0 2/0 #4 #4 O 400 280 10x24x4 3 400 kcmil 300 kcmil #3 1/0 X S O m U) Z --I D r r D O Z D Z C r 9/22/08 Palm Harbor Homes, Inc. 75 Connect Utilities PJ51o�nform!o S#° -- HUD MHCSS 10/20/08 FEEDER CONNECTIONS Feeder connections are made from above or from below the home as follows: From above—mast weatherhead feeder The routing,connection,and support of the service drop must meet local codes. Power supply.A large Homes equipped this way contain all necessary conduits to the electrical distribution enough power supply must panel. However,the feeder conductors(not provided with the home)are installed on be available at the site.An site. If the masthead is located above the roof overhang,allow a minimum clearance of inadequate power supply eight feet above all roof points that the conductors pass over.There are two exceptions may result in improper op- to this rule:(1)The vertical clearance may be reduced to three feet if the roof has a eration of and possible minimum slope of 4 in 12;and(2)The vertical clearance may be reduced to 18 inches damage to motors and ap- if no more than four feet of service-drop conductors pass above the roof overhang,and pliances. It may also in- if they terminate at a through-the-roof raceway or approved support.A minimum clear- crease electricity costs. ance must also be provided from the final grade to the service-drop conductors.This measurement may vary from 10 feet to 18 feet,depending on the types of traffic antici- pated below the service drop(refer to the NEC). Unless impractical, locate service heads above the point of attachment of the service-drop conductors and make them rain-tight. If individual conductors do not extend downward,form drip loops. From below—underside junction box feeder A section of conduit is factory installed through the floor cavity.Connect to that conduit with approved fittings and conduit(not provided with the home)to the point where the service entrance cable enters the crawl space. Install properly-sized service entrance conductors from the main power supply to the panel board. Depending on the location of the main panelboard inside the home,or the point at which the service entrance conductors enter the crawl space,a separate service disconnect may be required. Re- fer to Table 34 for the conductor and junction box requirements.The installer must provide the supply connection including the feeder conductors,junction box,and con- duit connectors. Protect conductors emerging from the ground from a minimum of 18 inches below grade to eight feet above grade,or to the point of entrance to the home. The distance measured from the top surface of a buried cable,conduit, or raceway to the finished grade must meet the minimum burial requirements outlined in the NEC. Use a moisture-proof bushing at the end of the conduit from which the buried cable emerges. GROUNDING // The home must be properly grounded to protect the occupants.The only safe and ap- proved method of grounding the home is through an electrically-isolated grounding bar in the manufactured home distribution panel board.This grounds all non-current- Grounding the electrical —� carrying metal parts to the electrical system in the home at a single point. system. Do not provide Q D Each neutral conductor must be connected to the system grounding conductor on the electrical power until the Qthe supply side of the main disconnect in accordance with Articles 250.24,250.26,and grounding electrode is in- r 250.28 of the National Electrical Code, NFPA No. 70-2005. stalled and connected. z Where the meter base has a disconnect(typically when the meter is more than 6 feet When the meter base is not 0 on the house never use the from the service electric panel,although this may vary by LAHJ)the ground and neutral neutral conductor of the Q should be bonded at that disconnect and then grounded to the driven earth J feeder cable as a ground _J ground. Four wires will leave the service electric panel to the disconnect.Three wires < will enter the disconnect from the meter base(refer to Figure 75). wire. Where there is no disconnect on the meter base or between the meter base and ser- Z vice electric panel(typically when the meter is within 6 feet from the service electric w panel, although this may vary by LAHJ),the main circuit breaker in the service electric 2 panel becomes the first disconnect. In this case,the neutral and ground are bonded in 0 the service electric panel and connected to the driven earth ground from the service electric panel. Three wires lead between the meter base and the service electric panel 0 (refer to Figure 76). m Q 2 Q a Palm Harbor Homes, Inc. 9/22/08 76 PF #05 ® Connect onforms to HUD MHCSS 10120ro8 Service Entry Figure 75. Electrical feeder —Main Panel (May Be Above Or Bela.Cno nd) connection when meter has Enclosure a disconnect installed(typi- Equipment Neutral serviceHead cally more than 6 feet from Burs Bar service electric panel). Ground Bus Bar Meter BIDiscomect eterbase Companround From Meter Ei'comect Bonding Strap2"Conduit Not Installed Grounding Lugf-2"Conduit To Chassis ounding Rod Metallic Conduit Or Fittlrgs To Be Effectively Grounded To Equipment Ground Black-"HOT'ToAOrB Red-"HOT"To A Or B White To Neutral Bus Bar Ground To Equipment Ground Figure 76. Meter base wiring Main Panel Service Entry when there is no separate (Above Or Beim Gmund) disconnect installed t icall (YP Y 2•Conduit To within 6 feet of service elec- NeutraljBy Servioe Head tric panel). Equipment Bus Ba Ground Bus Bar Meter B Compa Meter EBondin Installe 'Conduit Manufa Grounding Lug 2"Con To Chassis To Grounding Rod Meta lic Conduit Or Ratings To Be Effectively Grounded To Equipment L Black-•kHOT"To A Or B Ground Red-"HOT"To A Or B White To Neutral Bus Bar In all cases,a grounding electrode conductor and a ground wire must be installed ac- cording to the following specifications: 1. Grounding wire to be per Table 34 provided by the manufacturer. If manufac- turer provides a minimum 1/2 inch EMT or conduit raceway,the#6 minimum = bare copper wire is provided by the retailer for installation. W 2. The clamp connecting the grounding wire to the electrode shall be suitable for O direct burial and located flush or below ground level. X 3. Use a listed 5/8 inch diameter by eight foot long iron electrode or nonferrous rod of at least 1/2 inch diameter by eight feet long for grounding (larger sizes 9 may be required by the LAHJ due to soil impedence). ca 4. Drive the electrode to a depth of not less than eight feet so that at least eight 0 feet of the electrode is in contact with the soil. D 5. When rock is encountered,the electrode may be driven at an angle not to ex- r— ceed 45 degrees from vertical or buried in a trench that is at least 2-1/2 feet > deep. O z 9 FIELD INSTALLED METER BASE D When a meter base is installed in the field, Figure 77 and the following requirements c must be adhered to: • Install the meter base according to the manufacturer's instructions. • Use straps to support any conduit. Do not use the meter base equipment for 9/22/08 Palm Harbor Homes, Inc. 77 PF #®5 Connect Conforms to HUD MHCSS 10/20/08 support. • Use exterior equipment and enclosures listed as weatherproof and entrance conductors listed for wet locations. • The grounding bar may be installed separate from the neutral bar for pur- poses of testing the electrical system. • The grounding bar may be isolated during the electrical check and re- attached,after the tests are completed. • Check with the local electrical utility to verify meter base requirements and lo- cations and distances for the main panel and meter box. • The field installed meter base enclosure must be installed in accordance with its listing. Fasten securely to exterior wall studs and provide for a weather- tight seal. • Check the local code for any requirements regarding the location of the meter base. Exterior Wall Meter Meter Enclosure Figure 77.Meter base clear- ances. 1/4"Air Space Between Meter Enclosure And Exterior Wall STEP 2. CONNECT WATER SERVICE CONNECTION To connect the home's water system to the water source, identify the water inlet lo- • J Gated under the home(usually below the water heater compartment or utility room)and Selecting heat tape. Use < follow the procedure described below(refer to Figure 78): only pipe-heating cable z 1. Flush pipe. Flush field-installed water piping free of all debris prior to connec- (tape)listed for manufac- Q tion to the home's water inlet. tured homes,and install it M 2. Clean threads. Ensure that pipe threads are clean. in accordance with the ca- z ble(tape)manufacturer in- 0 3. Install pressure-reducing valve.If the local water supply exceeds 80 psi in- stallation instructions. stall a pressure-reducing valve. Q Maximum water pressure. 4. Connect valve. Install a main shut-off valve between the water supply and J the inlet on the home. Locate the riser for the shutoff valve underneath or ad- The water system for the Q home was designed for a ad- jacent to the home. Select a full flow gate or ball shutoff valve,or equivalent to maximum inlet pressure of z valve.To prevent the possibility of fresh water contamination install an anti- 80 psi. Y) siphon valve on all field installed exterior faucets. W 2 O O m Q J Q a Palm Harbor Homes, Inc. 9/22/08 78 W4�05Connect Conforms to HUD MHCSS 10/20/08 Figure 78. Water system connection Factory4nstaled Water Pipe Optional Hose Bb (Not Supplied) oil Conned To T Here For Water -- System Test Service Connection (Noll Suppled) Locate Water Poser Underneath or 51,11 Mandatory Shut-Off Adjacent to Home I Valve(Not Supplied) 5. Install water heater discharge drain. Inspect the drain opening on the water heater to ensure that it is clear of any obstruction. If the home is to be installed on a basement or enclosed crawlspace, install drain pipe connecting the dis- charge from the water heater temperature and pressure relief valve to the out- @Using check side or to a sump. valves. Install a check 6. Install water heater drip pan drain.Assure that the drain for the water valve on the water inlet to heater drip pan does not terminate under the home. Using the materials pro- prevent water system vided and the accompanying instructions run a drain line from the water drainage in the event of a heater drip pan through the wall or floor to the exterior of the crawl space. loss of water pressure from Terminate the line between six and 24 inches above grade.(Figure 79). Make the source.Such pressure the termination point rodent proof. loss could cause the water heater to drain,exposing the heating elements of electric water heaters caus- ing them to fail. Figure 79. Water heater drip pan and drain Water D Heater r Exterior Drip. Wal = Pan D Ia Factory- 0 Installed Drain Pipe = O crawlspace --- erineter N Enclosure Bottom Z Board Field- (/) Installed --I Drain Pipe D r "to 24• O z I III�IN11�11=11 III I y II�I(�11�1 111�11�� IMF z pp D r 9/22/08 Palm Harbor Homes, Inc. 79 • - PFS#a _ Conforms to HUD MHCSS 7. Insulate. In areas subject to freezing temperatures, protect with insulation or toizoios heat tape pipes,valves and pressure reducers that are exposed to the out- doors;and pipes in water heater compartments with non-insulated doors. Connect heat tape to the electrical outlet under the home near the water sup- • ply inlet. Selecting heat tape. Use TESTING only pipe-heating cable (tape)listed for manufac- After testing the electrical system and connecting the water lines check the water sys- tured homes,and install it tem for leaks using one of the procedures described below. Before testing,close all in accordance with the ca- water faucets,spigots,and toilet-tank float valves. ble(tape)manufacturer in- Hydrostatic(preferred): stallation instructions. 1. Bypass water heater. Bypass the hot water heater by disconnecting the hot Testing water lines.Only outlet and cold inlet water lines from the water heater and joining them to- use pneumatic(air)testing gether.This will protect the hot water tank from damage and protect those in- when hydrostatic testing is volved in the test from possible injury. not practical.Air under 2. Fill water heater.Confirm that the water heater tank is full of water. pressure is explosive. Ex- ercise extreme caution and 3. Pressurize system.Connect a hydrostatic pump,valve,and gauge to the lo- notify all site personnel of cation shown in Figure 78. Pressurize the system with water at 100 psi,and the test.Wear protective then isolate it from the pressure source. Bleed all air from the highest and far- eyewear and take precau- thest points in the system. tions to prevent impact 4. Hold pressure.Monitor the pressure for at least 15 minutes. damage to the system 5. Fix leaks. If the pressure drops below 100 psi, locate and correct any leaks while the test is in progress. by cutting out and discarding bad pipe sections or joints and installing new Do not pneumatically test pipe or joints with couplings. CPVC systems. Pneumati- cally test Flow Guard Gold 6. Repeat. Repeat the test until all leaks have been eliminated. systems only at low pres- Pneumatic: sure levels(20 psi or less). 1. Bypass water heater. Bypass the hot water heater by disconnecting the hot Pressurizing water lines. outlet and cold inlet water lines from the water heater and joining them to- When pressurizing the wa- gether.This will protect the hot water tank from damage and protect those in- ter system, connect the volved in the test from possible injury. pump to a location above a 2. Pressurize system.Connect an air pump and pressure gauge to the water closed shut-off valve so as inlet, pressurize the system to 100 psi and isolate the pressure source from not to introduce pressure the system. into the municipal water supply. 3. Hold pressure.Monitor the pressure for least 15 minutes. If the pressure drops below 100 psi, locate any leaks by applying soapy water to the connec- tions and looking for bubbles. 4. Fix leaks.Correct any leaks by cutting out and discarding bad pipe sections Q or joints and installing new pipe or joints with couplings. D Z 5. Retest. Repeat the procedure until all leaks have been eliminated. Q 2 6. Restore connections. Reconnect the water heater and the water supply. Z O FREEZE PROTECTION FOR UNOCCUPIED HOMES QIf the home is to be left unheated in cold weather, protect water lines from freezing as J follows: J `t 1. Disconnect supply.Turn off the water supply and disconnect the water sup- ply inlet. Z 2. Drain water heater.Turn off the water heater; if necessary, attach a hose to uJ the valve to direct water away from under the home,open the drain valve and Odrain the tank completely. = 3. Drain faucets.Open all faucets throughout the home(including the laundry area if plumbed,and any exterior faucets)and let them drain completely. O 4. Drain toilets. Flush toilets and drain water tanks completely. m Q 5. Close faucets. Close all water faucets with the exception of one. = 6. Connect compressor.Connect a maximum of 30 psi air supply to the water inlet connection using a low pressure compressor. a 7. Open faucets.With the air supply on the system,open one faucet at a time throughout the home. Palm Harbor Homes, Inc. 9/22/08 80 PFS#°5 Connect Utilities Conforms to 10/20/08 8. Disconnect compressor.After the entire system has been drained of all wa- ter,disconnect the air supply and close the water inlet valve. 9. Pour anti-freeze.Pour an antifreeze solution into all drain traps, including sinks,tubs,and toilets. Be sure that the antifreeze is safe for the fixtures and P-traps. STEP 3. CONNECT GAS SERVICE CONNECTION If the home uses natural or liquid petroleum gas(LPG,also known as propane)for wa- ter or space heating,cooking or other appliances,follow the procedure described be- Installing gas lines.Only low: qualified professionals may 1. Inspect vents.Assure that all exhaust vents on gas-fired equipment are se- connect and test gas ser- curely connected and that roof jacks and stacks have not come loose during vice. transit and they are properly installed. 2. Review appliance instructions. Review each appliance manufacturer's in- structions before the home is connected to the gas supply. Most gas appli- ances are typically configured to operate on natural gas. If the gas supply will be LPG, consult the appliance manufacturer's instructions to determine what changes need to be made. For homes located above 3,000 feet,appliances may require a different orifice. 3. Remove cap.Remove the protective cap from home inlet pipe and install a full flow shut-off valve at the supply inlet(Figure 80). 4. Install regulator.The gas piping system is designed for a pressure that is at least seven inches of water column (4 oz. per sq in or 0.25 psi)but not more than 14 inches of water column(8 oz. per sq in or 0.5 psi). If gas from any supply source exceeds,or could exceed this pressure,install a regulator if re- quired by the LAHJ. 5. Connect supply. Using matching threaded fittings,connect the gas supply to the inlet side of the shut-off valve. 6. Close valves. Close all valves at appliances prior to opening the main supply valve. Figure 80. Gas service con- nection Full Flow Shutoff Valve Required Floor (Supplied By D r Others) 2 D W Dust Cover O 2 Union(Supplied By _ _ 9 Others) m Source of Gas Z TESTING D Test the gas piping system in the following two ways: 1)piping only and 2)entire sys- r tem.Consult with the LAW for any additional testing or start-up requirements. Before testing is begun,the temperature of the ambient air and the piping should be Fill gas water heaters. Be- O approximately the same. Conduct the tests when and where air temperatures will re- Z main constant. fore lighting the pilot on a gas powered water heater, Piping only test(all appliances isolated) fill the tank with water. Fail- Z 1. Isolate appliances. Isolate all appliances from the system by closing all ap- ure to do so could damage D pliance shut-off valves. the water heater. r 2. Attach gauge.Attach to the home's gas inlet a mercury manometer or slope 9/22/08 Palm Harbor Homes, Inc. 81 Connect Utilities4a JW#015 rms to HUD MHCSS gauge calibrated in increments of not more than 1/10 lb. 10/20/08 3. Pressurize system. Using an air compressor, pressurize the system with compressed air to three psi and isolate the pressure source from the system. 4. Monitor pressure.Monitor the pressure for at least 10 minutes. 5. Check for leaks. If pressure drops below three psi,check for leaks by apply- ing a non-corrosive,ammonia-free gas leak detection fluid to the joints at all valves,appliance connections,and crossover connections(do not use dish washing detergents,soap,or other household chemicals). If bubbles form, tighten the connection and recheck. 6. Repair leaks. If leaks persist, replace defective pipes or fittings with sound material and retest. 7. Release pressure. Release pressure and open all appliance shut-off valves. 8. Rinse connections.Thoroughly rinse all tested connections with water to remove leak detection fluid. Entire system test(with appliances) 1. Close appliances.Close all gas equipment controls and pilot light valves ac- cording to the individual gas equipment manufacturer's instructions. 2. Open valves.Assure that gas shut-off valves for all gas equipment are in the open position. 3. Attach gauge.Attach to the home's gas inlet a pressure gauge calibrated in ounces. 4. Pressurize system. Pressurize the system with compressed air to six to eight ounces(3/8 to 1/2 psi,or 10 to 14 inches of water column). 5. Check for leaks. Check for leaks as described above in step 4 of the Piping only test. Replace defective pipes or fittings with sound material and re-test. 6. Rinse connections.Thoroughly rinse all tested connections with water to remove leak detection fluid. GAS APPLIANCE START-UP Open the shut-off valve for each appliance and adjust the burners according to the ap- pliance manufacturer's instructions.Verify that the furnace and water heater thermo- stats are operating properly and set them to the desired temperatures. STEP 4. CONNECT OIL SERVICE Homes that are equipped with oil burning furnaces must have oil supply piping installed i // J and tested on site by a qualified professional in accordance with NFPA 31,Standard Q for the Installation of Oil Burning Equipment, 2001 or the requirements of the LAHJ, Testing oil tanks.All oil whichever is more stringent.The home manufacturer does not supply oil piping or Z tanks. storage tank and piping in- Q stallations and tests must 2 meet all applicable local Z OIL CONNECTION pp O Consult the furnace manufacturer's instructions for proper pipe-sizing and installation regulations and should be F— procedures.Where piping is run through the bottom of the home,ensure all holes in made only by experienced, ,QJ the bottom board are sealed tight with foam, mastic,and/or tape specially made for that qualified personnel. _J purpose and made rodent proof. Q N When equipping the home with an oil storage tank,comply with the following: Install the pipe with a gradual slope toward the fill end or drain plug (if so w equipped)to facilitate pumping or draining of water and sludge. 2 0 Provide a readily accessible approved manual shut-off valve at the outlet, in- 0 stalled to close against the supply. Equip the tank with an approved oil filter or strainer located downstream from pip the tank shut-off valve. Use a filter or strainer containing a sump with a drain Qto trap water. _ Equip under ground tanks with a filler neck extending one foot above grade and a minimum 1-1/4 inch diameter vent pipe extending at least two feet J above grade. Q a' 0 Locate the tank to be accessible for service and inspection,and safe from fire Palm Harbor Homes, Inc. 9/22/08 82 oFS#°5Connect Utilities Conforms to HUD MHCSS and other hazards. 10/20/08 • If the tank is located inside a compartment of the home,provide ventilation at the bottom of the compartment to permit diffusion of vapors. If the tank is fixed to the home, provide for filling and draining from the outside. • Insulate interior tanks from the structural members of the home. Provide tanks so installed with an outside fill and vent pipe and an approved liquid level gauge. • Install tanks that feed vaporizing type oil furnaces so that oil flows by gravity. To achieve efficient gravity flow, make sure that the bottom of the tank is at least 18 inches above the furnace oil control level. • Tanks for gun type oil furnaces(these furnaces include a fuel pump)may be installed above or below ground. OIL SYSTEM TESTING Before operating the system,fill the tank to capacity with the fuel to be burned and visually check all joints in the system for leakage. Replace(do not repair)parts that leak. 00, .• to Prepare Appliances • D r x D W O X x O 9 rn z n r r D O Z 3 D Z C D r 9/22/08 Palm Harbor Homes, Inc. 83 Prepare Appliances S#o5 and EquipmentQM Conforms to _ HUD HCSS 10/20/08 Prepare Appliances and Equipment This chapter provides instructions for installing and/or preparing appliances and other equipment.While the items below can be completed in any order,the last item, CONDUCT ELECTRICAL TEST, must be done last. Follow the Steps • - • V INSTALL AIR CONDITIONER OR HEAT PUMP(p. 84) PREPARE HEATING SYSTEM(p.85) INSTALL REMOTE HEATING AND COOLING EQUIPMENT(p. 85) PREPARE VENTILATION SYSTEM (p. 86) PREPARE FUEL-BURNING WATER HEATER(p. 86) PREPARE CLOTHES DRYER(p.87) PREPARE SMOKE ALARMS(p.87) PREPARE FIREPLACES(p.88) V PREPARE KITCHEN AND BATH APPLIANCES/FIXTURES (p.90) r INSTALL EXTERIOR LIGHTING(p. 91) V INSTALL CEILING FANS AND LIGHTING(p. 91) TEST ELECTRICAL SYSTEM (p.93) INSTALL AIR CONDITIONER OR HEAT PUMP (if applicable) CENTRAL UNITS i // Install split system or unitary central air conditioners and/or heat pumps as follows: • Q 1. Check suitability.Check the home's Comfort Cooling Certificate(may be in- Use listed appliances.All cluded with the data plate)to confirm that the home is suitable for installation applicable appliances must Z of central air. If so, note the air distribution system's rated duct capacity be listed or certified by a (BTU/hr),any equipment sizing guidance provided by the manufacturer and nationally recognized test- Z information provided to calculate the home's heat gain. ing agency for the applica- O 2. Select equipment.Select equipment with a rated heating capacity(BTU/hr) tion for which the unit is in- not exceeding the maximum indicated on the home's data plate and a rated tended and installed in ac- -� coolin capacitysized in accordance with Chapter 28 of the 1997 ASHRAE cordance with the terms of g p its listing or certification. Q Handbook of Fundamentals or ACCA Manual J, Residential Cooling Load,8th 9 U) edition. Information needed to calculate the home's heat gain can be found on Properly sizing equipment. Z the home's comfort cooling certificate. Choose equipment with a minimum cir- Oversized cooling equip- co cuit amperage(found on the equipment rating plate)no greater than the ment can lower energy effi- w branch circuit rating of the exterior air conditioning receptacle(indicated on ciency, reduce comfort, 0` O the adjacent tag), if present. shorten equipment life, and = 3. Install A-coil.When installing a cooling A-coil in a down-flow furnace that in- may cause moisture prob- ix corporates a fresh air intake duct,position the duct in the furnace cavity ac- lems in the home(including pip cording to the furnace manufacturer's instructions(Figure 81). For electric potentially damaging the down-flow furnaces,trim the ventilation duct as needed to allow installation of home's structure).Sizing = the A-coil and secure the duct to the wall of the compartment or to the top of guidance is provided by the the A-coil. Do not restrict the flex duct opening;allow the duct insulation to Manufactured Housing Re- the contact the A-coil,or allow the duct to become kinked, restricted,or config- search Alliance Cooling a Equipment Sizing Guide- Palm Harbor Homes, Inc. 9/22/08 84 #05 'Prepare. . - Appliances AFS Conforms to and Equipment HUD MHCss 10/20/08 ured to form a trap. lines available at www.mhrahome.orcl. Figure 81. Whole house ventilation flex duct in an electric down-flow furnace. IN Im From left to right:as pre- pared in the factory;proper 10 Trap installation with A-coil;im- proper installation with A-coil "Whole "Whole House" House" Ventilation Ventilation i // Flex Duct Flex Dud A-Col A-col Selecting A-coils. Use only A-coil units compatible and listed for use with the fur- Fumace Fumace..,jw nace in the home and in- Fumace Cabinet Fumace Cabinet Fumace stalled in accordance with the furnace manufacturer's instructions. PREPARE HEATING SYSTEM Installing flue stacks with a If the home does not contain a factory installed heating appliance, install a remote hinged roof. If flue stack heating appliance according to INSTALL REMOTE HEATING AND COOLING components are installed EQUIPMENT, p.85. Prepare fuel-burning heating systems included with the home as above the finish roof line follows: (as is often the case with hinged roofs), an Alterna- 1. Inspect for damage. Inspect the furnace and report any damage to the home tive Construction letter is manufacturer. normally required along 2. High altitude. If the home is located more than 2,000 feet above sea level or with a follow-up inspection. as indicated in the furnace manufacturer's instructions,derate gas furnaces Contact the factory for 4%for each 1,000 feet above sea level.This work must be done by a qualified guidance. (and in some jurisdictions, licensed)technician. Venting appliances to the 3. Convert for LPG gas. If LPG gas(propane)will be used,convert the appli- outside.Vent to the exte- ance from natural gas to LPG gas use.Conversion must be made by a quali- rior of the home all com- fied and(if required by the LAHJ)licensed technician. bustion appliances except 4. Install intake air pipe. Consult the appliance manufacturer's instructions for ranges and ovens. D maximum allowable pipe run length, requirements for air dampers, locations Selecting ducts. Exterior relative to expected snow levels(check with the LAHJ for expected snow lev- ductwork for remote units = els),acceptable materials, pipe supports,and pipe termination requirements. must be provided by the in- D 5. Install flue. For combustion appliances, install the flue roof cap and stack as- staller or HVAC contractor. o pp sembly as described in PREPARE FIREPLACES,Chimneys(p.88). Ducts must be approved for 0 exterior installation and INSTALL REMOTE HEATING AND COOLING EQUIPMENT should be wrapped with in- _ O sulation of at least R-4 un Install remote units in compliance with all heating and cooling equipment requirements der a vapor barrier with a m in this chapter above and the following: perm rating of not greater 1. Locate connections to the home. Find the manufacturer-installed connec- than one. (For ENERGY Z N tors, labels,or tags under the home indicating the required connection points STAR homes,the R-value D for supply and return air. If connectors are not provided nor location indicated, must be at least that speci- r select a supply duct location such that there are approximately equal numbers fied on the manufacturer's D of supply registers forward and rear of the connection point.Locate the return ENERGY STAR Site Instal- duct in the center of the home. lation Checklist—generally p 2. Install ducts. Install the appropriate supply and return ducts(not provided) a minimum of R-6 or R-8.) Z between the remote unit and the home(Figure 83), making connections ac- y cording to the instructions for crossover ducts in Crossover Connections(p. C 48). y 3. Install dampers. If installing a remote cooling unit in a home with a factory in- stalled furnace, install dampers between the furnace and the home's air duct system,and between the remote unit and the home's air duct system to pre- 9/22/08 Palm Harbor Homes, Inc. 85 Prepare AppliancesPFS#os • • • Conforms to HUD MHCSS vent warm air in heating mode from escaping to the remote cooling unit and ionoios vice versa. Figure 82.Remote unit to damper locations Firnaoe o' III w Ezteriar Oitl Dampers Remote Ufi Home 4. Connect wiring. Install a thermostat containing a fan switch. Connect utilities in accordance with all manufacturer's instructions and local codes. 5. Seal penetrations. Repair or replace all floor insulation disturbed during the duct installation and seal holes in the bottom board using foam, mastic, or tape specially made for that purpose. Air Conditioningor Figure 83.Ducts connecting Heating Equipment exterior heating and/or cool- supply I._Mamage supply Return ing equipment to the home Duct Lu Lim Duct Duct I J Q D QSupport Straps at upport Block 48"in.O.C.Minimum Minimum Clearance Between Z Ducts and Ground to be in. O PREPARE VENTILATION SYSTEM Prepare the whole-house ventilation system according to the ventilation system manu- facturer's instructions. Confirm that any fresh air intake ducts extend to the exterior and do not draw air from the crawlspace under the home. Do not allow any fresh air ventila- Z tion intake ducts to become kinked or restricted,forming a trap(Figure 83). Choosing pipe lengths. 0) The appliance manufac- W turer may designate the 2 PREPARE FUEL-BURNING WATER HEATER length of the pipe run = The water heater discharge and drip pan drains should have been installed in Connect based on the pipe diameter Utilities(p.75). and the number of turns in mIn homes with direct-vent water heaters(that utilize gas,oil,or other combustion fuel), the pipe run. Qand where the water heater is not independently vented to the exterior through a grilled Venting exhaust systems. = opening, provide combustion air from under the floor using pipe and cement acceptable Exhaust vents must extend g to the appliance manufacturer or through the roof via a double-walled flue pipe. If pro- to the home's exterior vided through the floor, run the air piping to the exterior of the home,with supports through skirting.Termina- n spaced every 3-1/2 feet o.c.or less.Terminate the pipe facing downward a minimum of tion of the dryer exhaust underneath the home can Palm Harbor Homes, Inc. 9/22/08 86 PF4 a :Prepare Appliances Conforms to and Equipment HUD MHCSS 10/20/08 12 inches above the ground surface and provide a screen on the pipe vent cap. cause condensation and moisture damage to the PREPARE CLOTHES DRYER home. tint and dust accu- mulation can ignite,causing a fire.The exhaust system If the home includes a clothes dryer,the components for ventilating the dryer are in- must not contain reverse cluded with the home(but not necessarily installed)and a vent opening has been slope. roughed in either in the wall or floor.(If a dryer is not installed,seal all dryer vent open- ings). Run the dryer vent to the outside through the exterior wall or through the floor to a point beyond the perimeter of the home, using materials approved by the clothes dryer manufacturer(see Figure 84). Vent Below Floor Vent Through Exterior Wall Figure 84. Clothes dryer Elbow with Clampb ventilation ductwork through Rigid Duct Vent cap igid or Flex Duct floor(left)or exterior wall (right) Clamp to Dryer Exterior Connection Wall Dryer Vent Cap Clampb Seal Boborm Vent Cap Board -Clamp to Dryer Elbow Wilh Connection Dryer Vent Rigid Duct Cap Support Strap Rigid or Flex Duct Wood Frame Secured b Bottom of Rim plate or Install Through Skirting Install the vent as follows: 1. Remove temporary caps. Remove any temporary seals and duct caps from the vent rough openings. 2. Install ductwork. Install ductwork using clamps(do not use screws or other Avoid damaging structural fasteners that penetrate into the duct)and support the duct with metal straps elements. Do not cut or connected to the floor joists or chassis at two feet o.c. or less. Ensure duct otherwise damage struc- D connections are internally overlapped to prevent inhibiting the flow of air and D tural elements such as floor therebycausing lint accumulation. 3 g joists or wall studs for the = 3. Install cap and damper. Install an approved dryer vent cap with damper on installation of the dryer ex- > the exterior termination of the duct. If the vent terminates at skirting,secure haust system. W the cap to framing or skirting with sheet metal screws and seal edges with Gas.Ventilation components O caulk or sealant. If the vent terminates through a wall,apply a bead of sealant that may be included with M to the back of the cap around the opening and secure with sheet metal screws the home for an electric = O - to metal, hardboard or fiber cement siding or with wood screws to a mount dryer may not be accept- ic block for vinyl siding. able for gas dryers.Consult m 0) 4. Seal opening.Seal openings inside and outside of the home including at the the gas dryer manufacturer Z floor, interior walls,siding and skirting(with caulk),and at the bottom board instructions. using foam, mastic and/or tape specially made for that purpose. y r GAS DRYERS D If the home was not fitted for a gas dryer, installing one requires substantial alteration to the home.Gas supply piping and adequate venting must be provided as specified by @Installing ducts. Z the dryer manufacturer and installed by a trained professional. Do not cut major struc- Keep ductwork straight and tural elements to accommodate a gas dryer. smooth as possible without excess slack. Slope it Z PREPARE SMOKE ALARMS slightly downward towards D The home has several factory installed smoke alarms that are wired to a 120-volt cir- the exterior to facilitate r- cuit. If the home was designed for placement on a basement, an additional alarm is moisture drainage. provided for installation at a pre-wired location under the home. Connect the basement 9/22/08 Palm Harbor Homes, Inc. 87 Prepare Appliances PF�MHCSS #05 • • • smoke alarm and test all alarms as follows: 10/20/08 1. Check circuit.Ensure that electrical power to the home is activated and that the smoke alarm circuit is on. 2. Remove batteries.Make sure backup batteries(if any)are removed from all smoke alarms. 3. Test alarms. Press the test button on each alarm sequentially.All alarms should sound simultaneously when the test button on any one smoke alarm is pressed. Replace(with the same brand as those installed elsewhere in the home)any alarms that do not sound and retest. 4. Replace batteries.After successful test, replace the backup batteries, dis- carding the protective tabs. PREPARE FIREPLACES Install chimneys,chimney flashing and roofing,fireplace combustion air inlets,and hearths according to the manufacturer's instructions and the procedures described be- low. CHIMNEYS Fireplace and wood stoves may require on-site installation of additional sections of ap- proved chimney pipe,a spark arrestor,and a rain cap assembly. Follow the manufac- turer's instructions and the procedures described below: 1. Remove coverings. Remove protective materials covering the roof flashing and any foreign material from the installed part of the chimney. 2. Install chimney pipe.Assemble and seal the chimney per the fireplace or wood stove manufacturer's installation instructions and if there is a conflict be- tween the instructions and the figure,follow the instructions.To assure suffi- cient draft for proper operation,extend the chimney at least three feet above the highest point where it penetrates the roof and at least two feet higher than any surface within 10 feet of the chimney(Figure 86). Use additional sec- tions)of chimney pipe(not provided)if required by local code or if the site has obstructions within 10 feet of the chimney. J a D z a z O a J J Q F- z_ U) W M O O m Q �2 J Q a Palm Harbor Homes, Inc. 9/22/08 88 PFS#os ',Prepare Appliances ® • • • Conforms to ment HUD MHCSS oof Top Assertiy 10/20/08 Figure 85. Chimney and T Rain C� combustion air intake duct TI Spark Arrestr installation Chimney Cap Adwtr T Min Triple wall Flee Storm Cog Roof Helgt Flashing Selecting the appropriate Firestop Thimble flue.Wood fireplaces use larger diameter flues than gas fireplaces. Make sure flue matches the appliance type. Gas fireplaces cannot burn wood because the flue is too small and smoke will back up into the home. If wood fireplaces are con- verted to gas the flue will be too large resulting in ex- cessive heat loss through the chimney. 9� Above av Levd Air Intake From Less Than 10' Figure 86. Chimney clear- ance 12'Min. 3'Min. 1 2'Min. D D 3. Install shingles. Install shingles up to the edge of the flue cut-out in the roof p deck. Secure shingles installed under the roof flashing with asphalt cement. 4. Install flashing.Place flashing over pipe section and shingles and set in as- _ 0 phalt cement. Secure flashing to roof deck at top two corners with roofing K nails. m N 5. Complete shingles. Cut shingles in successive courses to fit around the pipe z and embed them in asphalt cement where they overlap the flashing.Secured shingles with roofing nails through flashing and apply asphalt cement over nail D heads.The completed installation should appear as shown in Figure 87,with r_ the lower part of the flange overlapping the lower shingles and the side and y upper shingles overlapping the flange. =j O z D z c D r 9/22/08 Palm Harbor Homes, Inc. 89 PrepareAppliances PFS#05 • . . . Conforms to HUD MHCSS 10/20/08 Figure 87.Roof flashing and Push Down Upper and Side shingle installation around Roof Shingles Shingles Overlap Caulking Flange and Are Set In chimney Flange Asphalt Cement Fla ge Storm Cclar Flashi g r I I I Flue Pipe ?Trim With SheA Metal Later Part of Flange Sheers if Dkficuk To Make Overlaps Lower Shingle Flashing Lay Flat On Roof COMBUSTION AIR INLETS Combustion air inlets provide combustion air through the floor or an exterior wall to a combustion appliance. If through an exterior wall, site installation is not required. If through the floor,extend the duct from its point just below the floor to the outside(addi- Installing combustion air tional duct material required for this may or may not be provided with the home). Lo- inlets. Do not install the cate the inlet damper above expected snow levels(contact the LAW for snow levels). combustion air inlet such Follow the fireplace manufacturer's instructions(typically in the fireplace/stove or with that material from the the chimney parts). hearth can drop beneath the home. HEARTHS If shipped loose, install the fireplace hearth according to the fireplace manufacturer's instructions. PREPARE KITCHEN AND BATH APPLIANCES / FIXTURES Install kitchen and bath appliances according to the manufacturer's instructions and the procedures described for each appliance below. /!i /z COOKING APPLIANCES Installing exhaust ducts. If the home is provided with a range, cook top and/or grill containing its own exhaust Route exhaust ducts so system that penetrates the floor,complete the exhaust system as follows: they do not terminate be- t. Remove covers. Remove the cover on the factory-installed exhaust pipe pro- neath the home. truding from beneath the floor near the appliance. 2. Install termination fitting. Secure the provided termination fitting at the outside edge of the floor. 3. Install duct. Use the provided flexible metallic duct to connect the elbow pro- truding from the floor and the termination fitting. Refer to the manufacturer's i installation instructions for guidance on supporting the duct and making the Z i Q connections. Z SITE-INSTALLED GAS APPLIANCES O Install only appliances with a Btu capacity equivalent to or less than the capacity of the Qfactory-installed piping and at the location of a factory-installed gas riser. J J REFRIGERATOR Prepare the refrigerator as follows: Z0Remove straps, blocks,or other securement devices used for shipping and C patch any resulting marks on floors or walls. If the refrigerator has an icemaker, check water lines for leaks upon installa- O tion and a few days later to make sure no leaks have developed. f SITE-INSTALLED APPLIANCES AND FIXTURES O i If sinks,tubs,showers or other fixtures or appliances are to be site-installed,follow the ca manufacturer's installation instructions. Use only products listed for use in manufac- tured homes and follow all applicable local codes. J Q a Palm Harbor Homes, Inc. 9/22/08 90 QFS"05 Prepare Conforms to • • • HUD MHCSS 10/20/08 INSTALL EXTERIOR LIGHTING Install exterior lighting according to Figure 88 and the following: 1. Remove cover. Remove the screws and cover from electrical junction box. / // 2. Install flash ring. Place the non-combustible flash ring over the junction box. Lighting installation.A 3. Connect wires. Connect fixture wires to house wires in the box,black to qualified electrician should black,white to white,and equipment ground to equipment ground, using listed install lighting. Before con- wire connectors. Push wires into the box. necting lighting,disconnect 4. Connect fixtures.Connect the fixture to the junction box or strap using power to the lighting circuit. screws provided with the light fixture. Ground all exterior light fix- tu res. 5. Weatherproof.Weatherproof/caulk around the base of the fixture, leaving a Using a non-combustible small gap in the caulking on the bottom to permit drainage of water that may ring. Install a non- accumulate. combustible ring completely 6. Complete installation. Install bulb and globe on the fixture and verify proper covering any combustable operation. surfaces the fixtures may be mounted on (e.g. hard- board,clad wood and vinyl siding),or when ceiling ma- terial is exposed between the light fixture canopy and the junction box. RA Figure 88. Exterior lighting Wire Fran Wire Nut connection Wire Nut Swith (TYP®I (TYP-O ou hila While la rou7G Installing ceiling fans.A �Iqualified electrician should install lighting and fans. Be-fore connecting the ceiling Pigtail for Ground Cort.fy fan or light,disconnect Junction Boc Wire to Other Fosre power to the fan wires.Any unit installed outside of the home(such as in a porch D INSTALL CEILING FANS/LIGHTS ceiling)shall be listed for > Install ceiling fans no closer than 44 inches to a smoke alarm, measured from the cen- wet locations. _ ter of the fan to the center of the alarm and with the trailing edges of the blades at least D six feet-four inches above the finished floor. Comply with all unit manufacturer's instruc- W tions and the requirements below. 0 CEILING FAN/LIGHT MOUNTED TO FACTORY-INSTALLED ELECTRICAL BOX = IN CEILING 9 Before installing the unit, make sure that adequate structural bracing is present in the m ceiling. If uncertain,check with the manufacturer. Follow the fan or light manufacturer's instructions to connect the unit and complete the wiring. If the instructions are not Z available,connect the wiring as shown in Figure 89. —NI D r r D O Z D Z C D r 9/22/08 Palm Harbor Homes, Inc. 91 AW04 C Ss 0 0 Conforms to HUD MHCSS 10/20/08 Ground Wre Figure 89. Wiring for a ceil- ing fan or chain-hung light ( fixture with a maximum Color CodedWin und weight of 35 lbs Wires Wire Nuting Ceiling Box nting LimRed orw Noncombustible Ring(If Required) CEILING FAN/LIGHT MOUNTED ON SITE-INSTALLED DECORATIVE BEAM Where the electrical box will be mounted in a site-installed decorative center beam at- i // tached to the ridge beam,connect the fixture as follows(see Figure 90): • A 1. Cut hole.If the decorative beam(shipped loose)does not contain a precut Choosing ceiling fan junc- hole for the electrical box,cut a hole with a diameter approximately 1/4 inch tion boxes.Connect ceil- larger than the box's using a hole saw.Align the hole with the supply wire lo- ing fans only to junction cation and center on the beam. boxes listed and marked for 2. Install box. Install the box in the hole and secure the flange(plastic boxes ceiling fan application in only)to the decorative beam with four#6 x 1"screws. accordance with Article 3. Insert wire. Insert the ceiling wire through a knock-out hole in the side of the 314.27(b)of 2005 NEC. electrical box. It may be necessary to cut a notch in the top of the decorative Always ground metal junc- beam(on the supply wire side of the center beam hole)allowing the supply tion boxes. wire to be inserted into the electrical box without binding against the beam Selecting fan weight. Do during installation. Leave approximately four inches of wire free in the box. not use any ceiling fans or 4. Attach beam. Secure the decorative beam in place over the center line joint, light fixtures that exceed checking that the supply wire is not pinched or penetrated by beam fasteners. the weight rating of the box Secure the electrical box to the ridge beam with#8 x 2 1/2"wood screws (35 Ibs unless otherwise through the two holes in the top of the box. noted). 5. Strip wires.Strip about 3/4 inch of insulation from the white and black con- Grounding electrical de- ductor ends of the supply wire. vices. Ground fans/lights using a fixture-grounding 6. Position ring.Position the non-combustible flash ring(provided)over the device or a fixture- electrical box so that the finished surface(adjacent to electrical box)which is grounding wire as specified to be covered by the fan canopy is not exposed. in the manufacturer's in- 7. Install and wire unit. Follow the unit manufacturer's installation instructions structions. for mounting the fan/light assembly to the box and for electrical wiring. Use J provided electrical connectors for splicing wire. Figure 90. Ceiling fan/light z mounted to flush ridge beam Q z O Ridge Beam Q J J IQ- Cl) t z } I W Ceiling 2x6 Center Beam-Shipped Loose .ram, I for Field Installation O I I I I = Supply Wire Coiled And i i Hole for Box Cut Through2x6 Secured for Shipment (May Be Cut in Plant orin Field) mNotch Beam at Hole if Necessary for Wire Chase � Secure Box to Ridge Beam Q (field installed) = Secure Box to 2x6Center E Beam(field-installed) Electrical Box J dSupply Wire Inserted in Field Through Side Knockoutof Box Palm Harbor Homes, Inc. 9/22/08 92 PFS#°5Prepare Appliances Conforms to a • Equipment HUD MHCSS 10/20/08 TEST ELECTRICAL SYSTEM After completion of all electrical wiring and connections, including crossovers, appli- ances, lights,and ceiling fans, inspect and test the electrical system as follows: 1. Fill water heater. Fill water heater before turning on power to the home or switching on the circuit breaker. 2. Test continuity.Before turning on the electrical power to the home,conduct an electrical continuity test to ensure that exposed metallic parts of the home and the chassis are effectively bonded. 3. Test operation.After turning on the electrical power to the home,conduct operational tests of all devices(except water heaters, electric ranges,electric furnaces,dishwashers,clothes washers/dryers,and portable appliances)to demonstrate that they are connected and in working order. 4. Test polarity.After turning on the electrical power to the home,conduct elec- trical polarity checks to determine that connections of electrical equipment in- stalled or completed during installation have been made properly.Visual veri- fication is an acceptable electrical polarity check. •• to • •• D 3 x D W O O -- 3 m z ti m r O z 3 D z c n r 9/22/08 Palm Harbor Homes, Inc. 93 Complete Exterior #05 Work V Conforms to HUD MHCSS 10/20/08 Complete Exterior Work This chapter covers sealing the bottom board, installing the ground cover and skirting, preparing wind protection shutters, and completing site-built structures. Follow the Stepsbelow: STEP 1. REPAIR AND SEAL BOTTOM BOARD(p.94) ® STEP 2. INSTALL GROUND MOISTURE RETARDER(p. 94) STEP 3 INSTALL SKIRTING (p.95) STEP 4 ASSEMBLE OPTIONAL WIND PROTECTION SHUTTERS (p. 95) STEP 5.COMPLETE SITE-BUILT STRUCTURES(p.95) STEP 1. REPAIR AND SEAL BOTTOM BOARD Tears and openings in the bottom board can result from transportation or installation activities. Inspect for holes and gaps the entire bottom board,especially areas around service penetrations,crossover connections, pipe and duct hangers,foundation ele- ments,and the perimeter of the floor. Using approved materials appropriate for the type Sealing bottom boards.A of repair, repair the bottom board wherever torn or loosened as follows: continuous and sealed bot- tom board is critical for 1. Insulate. Replace any missing insulation prior to closure and repair of the bot- home performance,energy tom board, paying particular attention to insulation gaps that may have been efficiency,protection created at P-traps. against moisture problems, 2. Repair large openings.Repair large openings with a durable patch made of prevention of pipe freezing, bottom board fabric or other compatible material and fastened with vinyl bot- and protection against in- tom board tape held in place by fasteners installed with a divergent stapler. sects and rodents. Seal the edges around patches with foam or mastic. For large openings,in- Bottom board sealing stall a rigid backer board behind the bottom board to provide a fastening sub- methods.Tapes shall strate for the patch. never be used alone to re- 3. Repair small openings. Repair small gaps and tears with a combination of pair a bottom board. Diver- vinyl bottom board tape,patches,mastic,or foam sealant. gent staples or mastic must be used in tandem with J i STEP 2. INSTALL GROUND MOISTURE RETARDER tape to prevent future tear If the space under the home is to be enclosed with skirting or other materials, a ground off. Z moisture retarder of a minimum six mil thick polyethylene sheeting or equivalent must Fastening vinyl siding. Do be installed covering the ground under the home. Moisture retarders are not required in not install fasteners directly and regions(less than 15 inches of rainfall annually)with dry soil conditions. If on- into vinyl siding.Allow for Z grade(surface)footings are used,install the ground moisture retarder prior to placing siding thermal expansion the footings,or install it around the footings after all other work under the home is com- by pre-drilling minimum 1/2 Q plete. inch diameter fastener � holes or fastening skirting HInstall the ground moisture retarder as follows: to a ledger under the home N 1. Apply sheeting. Unroll the ground moisture overlapping joints in the sheeting a (see Best Practice tip). Z minimum of 12 inches and covering the entire area under the home except for fn W areas under recessed entries,decks,and porches. p2. Seal joints. Seal joints in the retarder with mastic. W 3. Weigh down.To keep the retarder in place,weigh it down with stones,concrete @Avoiding radon. mblocks,or other heavy,durable materials. For enclosed perimeter wall 4. Repair tears. Repair any voids or tears in the retarder by patching with like ma- crawlspace foundations in = om- terial, maintaining a minimum 12-inch overlap and sealing joints with mastic. areas where radon is monly found in the soil, J continue the moisture re- Q tarder up the perimeter wall a Palm Harbor Homes, Inc. 9/22/08 94 Complete Exterior PFS#°5 ® . Conforms to HUD,MHCSS 10/20/08 at least 12 inches,sealing STEP 3. INSTALL SKIRTING the edges and between the Skirting is any structural or non-structural perimeter crawlspace enclosure.Complete seams with mastic. site-built structures(see STEP 5.COMPLETE SITE-BUILT STRUCTURES, p.96)that Attaching vinyl siding.To abut the home(such as porches, attached garages,and steps)prior to installing skirt- install skirting on vinyl- ing. sided homes,screw a treated 2 x 4 on edge to the TABLE 35.ANCHOR SYSTEM MATERIALS SPECIFICATIONS underside of the floor joists two inches back from the edge of the home. Screw Skirting must be of weather-resistant materials or provided with protection skirting tight to the 2 x 4. against weather deterioration at least equivalent to that provided by a coat- ing of zinc on steel of not less than 0.30 oz per sq It of surface coated. Skirting made from wood or wood products and used within six inches of / the ground needs to be made of materials naturally resistant to decay and termite infestation or pressure treated. Avoid backfilling against Ventilation openings must be covered for their full height and width with a skirting. Do not backfill perforated(1/4 inch maximum opening in any dimension)corrosion and against non-structural skirt- weather-resistant covering that is designed to prevent the entry of rodents. In areas subject to freezing,the coverings for the ventilation openings must ing. have an operable damper,permitting them to be in the open or closed posi- tion depending on the weather. To design and install skirting, comply with the skirting manufacturer's instructions (if provided)and the following: 1. Configure skirting. Run the skirting along the perimeter of the home's heated,conditioned space. Do not enclose with skirting areas under recessed entries, porches,or decks(whether constructed as part of the home or added on site)unless skirting is of the fully vented type and installed so as to allow water to freely flow out from under the home. 2. Fasten skirting. Recess the skirting under the siding or trim and attach it to the home in a manner that prevents water from being trapped between the siding or trim and the skirting. For wood,aluminum,or fiberglass skirting,in- stall a skirt rail (lumber strip)under the floor inset at least 1-1/2 inches from the edge of the siding for attachment of the skirting.Allow for frost heave when installing skirting in areas subject to frost. 3. Provide ventilation. Unless the skirting has integral ventilation openings that meet the following ventilation requirements, install equally sized ventilation openings on at least two opposite sides of the foundation. Size ventilation -p area to equal at least one square foot or each 150 square feet of under-floor r area(or for each 1,500 square feet if a ground moisture retarder is installed according to STEP 2. INSTALL GROUND MOISTURE RETARDER, p. 94). _ Place vents as high above the ground as practical. > 4. Install access.Provide an access opening not less than 18 inches wide and O 24 inches high and located so that any utility connections located under the 0 home are accessible. _ 5. Extend vents,drains,and inlets. Run appliance exhaust vents,combustion air inlets, and air conditioner condensation drains through the skirting to the 9 outside and terminate each as instructed in the sections of this manual corre- CA sponding to each appliance. Z STEP 4. ASSEMBLE OPTIONAL WIND PROTECTION SHUT- D r TERS v If desired, prepare temporary protective window covers for use during severe wind -� storms and hurricanes according to Figure 91,Table 36, and the procedure below. 0 Z 1. Assemble extension framing using with two 16d common nails at each con- E nection. D 2. Assemble shutter panels as shown in Figure 91. C 3. Store the shutters such that they are protected from the weather,are not in di- rect contact with the ground,and are easily accessible by the homeowner. 9/22/08 Palm Harbor Homes, Inc. 95 Complete PFS#°5 Conforms to HUD MHCSS To attach shutters to the home: tono/os 1. Fasten extension framing to wall framing materials with 16d double-headed nails or#8 x 3"screws,toe nailed/screwed, per Table 36. 2. Fasten assembled panel(s)to extension framing with 12d nails, per Table 36. After use, remove shutters from the home,patch nail holes with caulk and store them as above. Cut If i Figure 91. Wind protection shutter construction �ppmx.1' Approx.30 Degrees Extension Frdrmg 03 or SiW Grade Si 2.3 or2,4 IP�i e OSB or / m to wm tzd / Nails at 6'O.C. / 2x4#2 SPF Studding.Reguiie0 When Plyw dor / CS Used Is y'a / Less In Thickness TABLE 36. SHUTTER CONSTRUCTION SPECIFICATIONS ExtensionWindow width framing 2 x 3" 7/16, 1/2 6 in.o.c. 8 in.o.c. 22 in.o.c. 2 x 3 23/32,3/4 6 in.Q.C. 8 in.o.c. 22 in.o.c. 4-1/2 in.o.c. 12 in.o.c. . . 2 x 3' 7/16, 112 4 in.o.c. 5 in.o.c. 14 in.o.c. 3 in.o.c. 8 in.o.c. 2 x 3 perimeter extension with 2 x 4 studding at 16 inches o.c. J STEP 5. COMPLETE SITE-BUILT STRUCTURES Q Install site-built structures such as steps,landings,garages,awnings,carports, Zbreezeways, porches,decks, railings,sheds,and utility rooms according to manufac- / / A Q turer's instructions(if any), in compliance with all local regulations including fire separa- tion and electrical requirements,and according to the following: Designing site-built struc- tures.All site-built struc- O Do not obstruct any of the two required exit doors from the home. tures must support their ~ 0 Construct site-built structures to be structurally independent unless provided own dead,live, and wind _j for in the design of the home(instructions will be provided by the manufac- loads and must not Qturer). transmit any loads to the f— home's structure.All car- W Do not damage the integrity of the home's structural or weatherproofing sys- orts should be freestand- ? tem.Seal any weatherproofing connections between the site-built structure p U) and the home and flash any roof connections. ing. wi 5; Utilize only GFCI outlets for site-built structures. _ Install and test smoke alarms in any site-built structures according to local code. O m tY11111i •• to Prepare Home . •. • • Q J Q I Palm Harbor Homes, Inc. 9/22/08 96 0j) Conforms to . • 000, IICU 1111CSS Prepare Home for Occupancy Follow these steps for final inspection and completion of the home. Follow the Steps • • STEP 1.VERIFY ALTERNATIVE CONSTRUCTION(A/C) INSPECTION (p. 97) STEP 2. COMPLETE INSPECTION CHECKLIST(p. 97) STEP 3. COMPLETE ENERGY STAR CHECKLIST(p.97) STEP 4. CLEAN THE HOME (p.97) STEP 1. VERIFY ALTERNATIVE CONSTRUCTION (A/C) IN- SPECTION This is normally the responsibility of the retailer and the manufacturer, however,the in- stallation is not complete until the alternative construction inspection has been passed and documented. STEP 2. COMPLETE INSPECTION CHECKLIST After all previous steps have been accomplished, inspect the home to verify that it has been completely and properly installed using the checklist starting on p.98. Correct any deficiencies found, if possible,or if not possible, inform the retailer or manufacturer immediately. STEP 3. COMPLETE ENERGY STAR CHECKLIST For ENERGY STAR qualified homes(check with the retailer or manufacturer),this step is to be completed by the manufacturer's designated representative.Ask the retailer or the manufacturer who this is. .D The manufacturer's representative must complete the Energy Star Site Installation D Checklist,obtain signatures on the ENERGY STAR label,and return the completed r ENERGY STAR Site Installation Checklist to the manufacturing plant. 2 D STEP 4. CLEAN THE HOME m Remove and properly dispose of all installation-generated dust,debris, and packaging O materials from the home and the surrounding property. Ensure that the home is in "move-in"condition. p 3 m CompleteInstallation is N z D r O z D z c a r 9/22/08 Palm Harbor Homes, Inc. 97 Complete Installation PFS#. Checklist Conforms to ---- ----- --- ------ - HUD MHCSS 10/20/08 Complete Installation Checklist Use this checklist to confirm that the listed aspects of the installation are complete and correct. FOUNDATION Footings properly sized and constructed for the soil conditions i / A Pier spacing per data plate and applicable table and roof load zone Limits of the checklist.This Piers properly constructed and vertical checklist is not all-inclusive. Perimeter blocking installed(if required) Some homes have impor- Piers at each side of large sidewall openings tant features not listed here.Completing this Center line piers installed at columns checklist does not guaran- Shims in place and tight tee that all installation re- quirements have been met. ANCHORS Approved anchors are used Anchors are installed at correct angles Anchor spacing and installation correct Longitudinal ties installed(if required) Anchor straps are tensioned UNDER THE HOME Moisture retarder installed The ground is properly graded to prevent water accumulation HVAC ducts are supported off the ground and connected tightly to collars at all ends Fireplace combustion air intake free and unrestricted No holes or tears in bottom board Skirting has been installed per manufacturer's instructions with proper vent- ing and provision for frost heave Dryer vent, range/cook top exhaust,water heater temperature and pressure overflow pipe and AC condensate drain installed to perimeter of crawl space EXTERIOR Shingled roofs are free of visible damage and serious defects and there are Q no missing or loose shingles z Shingle close-up and ridge cap have been completed per applicable details Q All hold down straps on shingled roofs have been removed and staple holes z have been properly sealed _O : F- Penetrations at roof stacks,vents and chimneys have been properly sealed Q J Siding and trim is free of gaps,voids, missing fasteners,damage,and seri- < ous defects.All seams are sealed and hardboard edges are sealed rn Drip edge and fascia is properly installed and free of damage and serious de- z fects U w Gutters and downspouts are installed properly such that water is diverted 2 away from the home O = Trees and bushes have been trimmed to prevent brushing against the home cj� in windy conditions or under snow loads O m The HUD label is exposed, intact and legible Q The exterior of the home and immediate surroundings is clean,clear of con- struction materials,dust,and debris J Q a Palm Harbor Homes, Inc. 9/22/08 98 conforms Checklis 10/20/08 INTERIOR Ceilings,walls, and floor coverings are free from damage and serious defects Carpeting is properly stretched and seamed All trim and molding is installed properly and free of damage and defects All cabinets,countertops, plumbing fixtures,appliances,furnishings,and window coverings are free of damage or serious defects All cabinet doors and drawers work properly All interior and exterior doors and windows open, close,and latch properly One window in each bedroom meets emergency egress requirements, has operating instruction labels on it,and operates properly All temporary shipping hardware has been removed Floors are level The data plate is intact and legible Smoke alarms have been tested The interior of the home is clean, clear of materials, dust,and debris WATER AND DRAIN SYSTEMS Crossover and service connection and splices have been properly made with correct materials Water and drain lines are insulated or otherwise protected from freezing Pipe supports are installed and properly spaced Proper slope has been maintained on all drain lines All necessary inspections and tests have been performed All sinks, basins,tubs,and toilets operate properly All hot and cold water lines are properly connected to fixtures,dispense wa- ter as labeled,and operate properly ELECTRICAL SYSTEMS D The panel amperage matches the connection to the home r The home has been properly grounded D The main power supply has been properly connected and tested by a li- censed electrician All electrical crossovers have been connected 2 All receptacles,switches,and light fixtures operate properly 0 Ground fault circuit interrupters operate properly m All exterior lights have been properly installed Z GAS/FUEL OIL SYSTEMS The gas system pressure test has been conducted r Connections between units are properly made with access as required > The main fuel line has been properly connected and tested by a qualified p technician Z 9 APPLIANCE OPERATING AND VENTING D All appliances are working properly C Appliance venting is in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions r Fresh air intakes are properly installed Whole house, kitchen,and bath exhaust fan operation are correct Fireplace chimney stack extension and roof cap have been installed in ac- cordance with the manufacturer's instructions 9/22/08 Palm Harbor Homes, Inc. 99 ' Complete Installation oFS#05 Checklist Conforms to _ --- "I I D MHCSS 10/20/08 Air conditioner/heat pump is sized properly MISCELLANEOUS Installation/anchoring certificates or seals have been issued and installed (if required) Owner's and operation manuals are available for all appliances This installation manual is left with home J Q Z Q Z O a J J Q f— Z_ U) W E O 2 O m W Q 2 J Q a Palm Harbor Homes, Inc. 9/22/08 100 PFS#°5 CS Index of Steps onforms to HUD MHCSS 10/20/08 Index of Steps INTRODUCTION .......................................................................................................2 IMPORTANTNOTICES.............................................................................................................................2 SAFETY.....................................................................................................................................................2 RESOURCES............................................................................................................................................2 FEDERALPREEMPTION..........................................................................................................................3 DEFINITIONS............................................................................................................................................3 ENGINEER'S STAMP................................................................................................................................4 SYMBOLS USED IN THE MANUAL.........................................................................................................5 ABBREVIATIONS......................................................................................................................................5 ALTERNATIVE FOUNDATION SYSTEMS...............................................................................................5 DISPLAY AND STORAGE OF THE HOME..............................................................................................5 GETTINGSTARTED.................................................................................................7 STEP 1. LOCATE THE DATA PLATE......................................................................................................7 STEP 2.CONFIRM WIND ZONE...............................................................................................................7 STEP 3. CONFIRM THERMAL ZONE.......................................................................................................8 STEP 4. CONFIRM ROOF-LOAD ZONE...................................................................................................9 STEP 5.CHECK LOCAL CODES AND SECURE PERMITS....................................................................10 PREPARETHE SITE................................................................................................12 STEP1. PLAN SITE ACCESS..................................................................................................................12 STEP 2. DETERMINE HOME LOCATION AND LAYOUT........................................................................12 STEP 3. CLEAR AND GRADE THE SITE.................................................................................................13 STEP 4. DETERMINE SOIL CONDITION.................................................................................................13 STEP 5. DETERMINE SOIL-BEARING CAPACITY AND FROST LINE...................................................14 STEP 6. DETERMINE GROUND ANCHOR HOLDING CAPACITY..........................................................15 INSTALL FOOTINGS................................................................................................17 STEP 1. DESIGN POINT LOAD SUPPORTS...........................................................................................17 STEP 2. DESIGN FRAME SUPPORTS(Homes Without Perimeter Blocking)......................................20 = STEP 3. DESIGN FRAME AND PERIMETER SUPPORTS(Homes With Perimeter Blocking).............21 D X STEP 4.SELECT FOOTING MATERIALS................................................................................................22 m O STEP5.SIZE FOOTINGS.........................................................................................................................22 2 STEP 6. INSTALL FOOTINGS..................................................................................................................25 O ic CONSTRUCT FOUNDATIONS m STEP 1.OBTAIN A FOUNDATION DESIGN............................................................................................27 _N STEP 2. EXCAVATE ...........27 Z z STEP 3. CONSTRUCT THE FOOTING OR SLAB....................................................................................27 y STEP 4.CONSTRUCT THE PERIMETER WALL............................. ..27 STEP 5. INSTALL INTERIOR SUPPORTS...............................................................................................28 STEP 6.WATERPROOF FOUNDATION WALL.......................................................................................28 O Z STEP 7. BACKFILL AND GRADE............................................................................................................28 3 D SETTHE HOME........................................................................................................29 z STEP1. PREPARE FOR SET.............................................................................................. C STEP 2. POSITION HOME SECTION r STEP3. LIFT HOME..................................................................................................................................29 STEP4.CONSTRUCT PIERS...................................................................................................................31 COMPLETE MULTI-SECTION SET..........................................................................35 STEP 1. INSTALL MARRIAGE LINE ANCHORS.....................................................................................35 9/22/08 Palm Harbor Homes, Inc. 101 Index of StepsP_!jFS#°5 Conforms[o -- ----- - HUD MHCSS STEP 2. REMOVE PROTECTIVE SHIPPING MATERIALS......................................................................35 10/20/08 STEP3.COMPLETE HINGED ROOF.......................................................................................................35 STEP 4.REPAIR OR INSTALL MARRIAGE LINE GASKET...................................................................36 STEP 5. POSITION ADDITIONAL HOME SECTIONS..............................................................................36 STEP6.CONNECT FLOORS...................................................................................................................37 STEP7.CONNECT ROOF........................................................................................................................38 STEP8.CONNECT WALLS.....................................................................................................................40 STEP9.ATTACH TAG UNITS..................................................................................................................41 STEP10.REMOVE TEMPORARY ITEMS................................................................................................42 STEP 11. FASTEN HOME TO FOUNDATION..........................................................................................42 STEP12.BACKFILL AND GRADE..........................................................................................................42 STEP13. BUILD STAIRS..........................................................................................................................42 COMPLETE ROOF AND EXTERIOR WALLS..........................................................43 STEP1.COMPLETE ROOF......................................................................................................................43 STEP2. COMPLETE TAG UNIT ROOF....................................................................................................45 STEP 3.COMPLETE SIDE WALLS..........................................................................................................47 CONNECTCROSSOVERS.......................................................................................48 STEP1.CONNECT DUCTS......................................................................................................................48 STEP 2.CONNECT ELECTRICAL CROSSOVERS.................................................................................50 STEP 3. INSTALL ELECTRICAL BONDING............................................................................................53 STEP4. CONNECT WATER LINES..........................................................................................................53 STEP 5. CONNECT DRAIN,WASTE, AND VENT LINES........................................................................54 STEP6. CONNECT GAS LINES...............................................................................................................56 STEP 7. CONNECT TELEPHONE AND CABLE TV WIRING..................................................................57 COMPLETE THE INTERIOR ....................................................................................58 STEP1.ALIGN MARRIAGE WALLS........................................................................................................58 STEP 2. FINISH GYPSUM BOARD...........................................................................................................58 STEP 3.COMPLETE WALL AND CEILING FINISHES............................................................................58 STEP4. COMPLETE CARPET.................................................................................................................59 STEP5.COMPLETE TRIM.......................................................................................................................59 J STEP 6. INSTALL SHIP LOOSE ITEMS...................................................................................................59 INSTALLSTABILIZING SYSTEM ............................................................................60 Z STEP 1.DETERMINE ANCHOR LOCATIONS.........................................................................................60 Q STEP 2.DETERMINE TIE-DOWN CONFIGURATION..............................................................................69 Z OSTEP 3.SELECT ANCHORS....................................................................................................................69 QSTEP 4.INSTALL ANCHORS...................................................................................................................70 JSTEP 5.INSTALL STRAPS......................................................................................................................71 J Q STEP 6.TIGHTEN AND ADJUST STRAPS..............................................................................................74 F z CONNECT UTILITIES...............................................................................................75 u) STEP 1.CONNECT ELECTRICAL SERVICE...........................................................................................75 W STEP 2.CONNECT WATER SERVICE 78 O STEP 3.CONNECT GAS SERVICE..........................................................................................................81 w ! STEP 4.CONNECT OIL SERVICE............................................................................................................82 O 0° PREPARE APPLIANCES AND EQUIPMENT 84 .......................................................... Q INSTALL AIR CONDITIONER OR HEAT PUMP......................................................................................84 = PREPARE HEATING SYSTEM J INSTALL REMOTE HEATING AND COOLING EQUIPMENT..................................................................85 Q a PREPARE VENTILATION SYSTEM.........................................................................................................86 Palm Harbor Homes, Inc. 9/22/08 102 PFS#°5 Conforms to Index of Steps 000 ss 10/20/08 PREPARE FUEL-BURNING WATER HEATER........................................................................................86 PREPARECLOTHES DRYER..................................................................................................................87 PREPARE SMOKE ALARMS...................................................................................................................87 PREPARE FIREPLACES..........................................................................................................................88 PREPARE KITCHEN AND BATH APPLIANCES/FIXTURES.................................................................90 INSTALL EXTERIOR LIGHTING...............................................................................................................91 INSTALL CEILING FANS AND LIGHTING...............................................................................................91 TEST ELECTRICAL SYSTEM...................................................................................................................93 COMPLETE EXTERIOR WORK...............................................................................94 STEP 1. REPAIR AND SEAL BOTTOM BOARD.....................................................................................94 STEP 2. INSTALL GROUND MOISTURE RETARDER............................................................................94 STEP 3. INSTALL SKIRTING....................................................................................................................95 STEP 4.ASSEMBLE OPTIONAL WIND PROTECTION SHUTTERS......................................................95 STEP 5.COMPLETE SITE-BUILT STRUCTURES...................................................................................96 PREPARE HOME FOR OCCUPANCY.....................................................................97 STEP 1.VERIFY ALTERNATIVE CONSTRUCTION(A/C)INSPECTION................................................97 STEP 2.COMPLETE INSPECTION CHECKLIST.....................................................................................97 STEP 3.COMPLETE ENERGY STAR CHECKLIST.................................................................................97 STEP 4.CLEAN THE HOME.....................................................................................................................97 COMPLETE INSTALLATION CHECKLIST..............................................................98 v a r 3 x a W O x O 3 m CA z N D r O z 3 a z c a r 9/22/08 Palm Harbor Homes, Inc. 103 PALM HARBOR HOMES BUILDING CENTER LOCATIONS TEMPE ALBEMARLE 309 S. Perry Lane Masterpiece Housing Tempe, AZ 85281 2000 Sterling Drive (800) 467-7877 Albemarle, NC 28001 (480) 829-7091 (800) 677-3783 (704) 982-9838 AUSTIN 830 Bastrop Hwy. MILLERSBURG Austin, TX 78741 3737 Palm Harbor Drive (800) 880-7923 Millersburg, OR 97321 (512) 385-2910 (800) 928-2083 (541) 926-4835 PLANT CITY 605 S. Frontage Rd. BUDA Plant City, FL 33563-9934 3700 Dry Hole Rd. (800) 729-4363 Kyle, TX 78640 (813) 752-7280 (800) 669-4484 (512) 295-5166 FT. WORTH Masterpiece Housing 6901 Bowman Roberts Rd. Ft. Worth, TX 76179 (888) 424-6636 (817) 238-8733 .� , alm 15303 Dallas Parkway Suite :00 Copyright r , Addison, TX 75001 o 2008 by Palm Harbor Homes,Inc. Mon,Home For)6w;ilone.i..' www.palmharbor.com